Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with or without AIDS, France.

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with or without AIDS, France.
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DOI:
10.3201/eid2009.131668
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发表时间:
2014-09
影响因子:
11.8
通讯作者:
Azoulay É
Azoulay É
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Roux A;Canet E;Valade S;Gangneux-Robert F;Hamane S;Lafabrie A;Maubon D;Debourgogne A;Le Gal S;Dalle F;Leterrier M;Toubas D;Pomares C;Bellanger AP;Bonhomme J;Berry A;Durand-Joly I;Magne D;Pons D;Hennequin C;Maury E;Roux P;Azoulay É

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与艾滋病患者相比,非艾滋病免疫抑制患者接受治疗的时间更长,死亡率更高。非艾滋病患者的耶氏肺孢子虫肺炎(PCP)越来越常见。我们对确诊PCP的连续患者进行了一项前瞻性队列研究;在544例患者中,223例(41%)患有AIDS(AIDS患者),321例(59%)患有其他免疫抑制疾病(非AIDS患者)。与非艾滋病患者相比,需要重症监护或通气的艾滋病患者更少,并且艾滋病患者的住院死亡率(17.4%)显著低于非艾滋病患者(4% vs. 27%; p<0.0001)。多变量分析显示,随着年龄的增长,接受同种异体骨髓移植,立即使用氧气,需要机械通气和治疗时间的延长,医院死亡的几率增加; HIV阳性状态或接受实体器官移植降低了死亡的几率。PCP在非艾滋病患者中往往是致命的,但诊断时间会影响生存,对非艾滋病患者来说更长。临床医生必须对没有艾滋病的免疫功能低下患者保持高度怀疑PCP。
Immunosuppressed patients without AIDS had longer time to treatment and a higher rate of death than did patients with AIDS. Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) in patients without AIDS is increasingly common. We conducted a prospective cohort study of consecutive patients with proven PCP; of 544 patients, 223 (41%) had AIDS (AIDS patients) and 321 (59%) had other immunosuppressive disorders (non-AIDS patients). Fewer AIDS than non-AIDS patients required intensive care or ventilation, and the rate of hospital deaths—17.4% overall—was significantly lower for AIDS versus non-AIDS patients (4% vs. 27%; p<0.0001). Multivariable analysis showed the odds of hospital death increased with older age, receipt of allogeneic bone marrow transplant, immediate use of oxygen, need for mechanical ventilation, and longer time to treatment; HIV-positive status or receipt of a solid organ transplant decreased odds for death. PCP is more often fatal in non-AIDS patients, but time to diagnosis affects survival and is longer for non-AIDS patients. Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for PCP in immunocompromised patients who do not have AIDS.
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