Evolution of nonassociative learning: Behavioral analysis of a phylogenetic lesion
Evolution of nonassociative learning: Behavioral analysis of a phylogenetic lesion
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DOI：
10.1006/nlme.1998.3829
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发表时间：
1998-05-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Wright, WG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wright, WG
最近对与海洋软体动物海兔相关的物种的机械感觉神经元中的两种与学习相关的神经调节特征进行的系统发育分析发现了一种物种，Dolabrifera dolabrifera，它缺乏这两种神经调节特征。由于这些特征被认为对海兔的防御性退缩反射中的某些形式的学习和记忆有重要贡献，因此在本研究中，我测试了海兔中促进性非联想学习将减少或缺失的预测。我测试了 Dolabrifera 和大小匹配的海兔的尾幔缩回反射，以了解三种形式的非联想学习和记忆：去习惯以及短期和长期敏化。我发现，在海兔中产生显着的去习惯化、短期敏化和长期敏化的相同方案在所有三种情况下都未能在 Dolabrifera 中产生显着的学习效果。因此，先前的机制分析的预测得到了证实：在 Dolabrifera 中，去习惯以及短期和长期敏化显着减少，甚至可能被消除。虽然不是结论性的，但行为变化的缺乏和行为变化背后的神经机制的缺乏之间的这种系统发育相关性支持了当代海兔的去习惯和敏化的神经调节模型。此外，这些结果提出了两种特定神经调节机制的进化改变可能直接促成行为可塑性的进化变化的可能性。 (C) 1998 年学术出版社。
A recent phylogenetic analysis of two learning-related neuromodulatory traits in mechanosensory neurons of species related to the marine mollusk Aplysia californica identified one species, Dolabrifera dolabrifera, which lacked both neuromodulatory traits. Since these traits are thought to contribute importantly to certain forms of learning and memory in the defensive withdrawal reflexes of Aplysia, in the present study, I tested the prediction that facilitatory nonassociative learning would be reduced or absent in Dolabrifera. I tested the tail-mantle withdrawal reflex in Dolabrifera and size-matched Aplysia for three forms of nonassociative learning and memory: dishabituation and short- and long-term sensitization. I found that the same protocols that produced significant dishabituation, short-term sensitization, and long-term sensitization in Aplysia failed in all three cases to produce significant learning in Dolabrifera. Thus, the prediction from the prior mechanistic analysis is confirmed: Dishabituation and short- and long-term sensitization are significantly reduced and perhaps abolished in Dolabrifera. Although not conclusive, this phylogenetic correlation between the absence of behavioral changes and the absence of neural mechanisms thought to underlie the behavioral changes gives support to the contemporary neuromodulatory model of dishabituation and sensitization in Aplysia. Furthermore, these results raise the possibility that evolutionary alteration of two specific neuromodulatory mechanisms may have directly contributed to evolutionary change in behavioral plasticity. (C) 1998 Academic Press.