Plant-specific soil-borne diseases contribute to succession in foredune vegetation
Plant-specific soil-borne diseases contribute to succession in foredune vegetation
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DOI：
10.1038/362053a0
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发表时间：
1993-03
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
W. H. van der Putten;C. Van Dijk;B. Peters
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. H. van der Putten;C. Van Dijk;B. Peters
土壤微生物在植被演替中作用的生态学研究主要集中在影响植物营养的生物上，如菌根和固氮菌。但是，土壤传播的疾病与沙生沙草（Marram grass）和沙棘（Hippophaë rhamnoides）的退化有关，这两种植物在欧洲沿海前沙丘中占主导地位，并被广泛种植用于固沙。我们已经使用了相互移植，并在这里报告，土传疾病可能有助于前沙丘植物物种的演替。在盆栽试验中，植物物种，其中包括A。arenaria是宽容的土传疾病，这一物种。在演替前期和后期土壤中生长的植物种类在演替后期土壤中减少最多。因此，在沙丘演替过程中，植物从土壤中被特定的抑制生长的微生物定殖的地方消失。土传病害对种间竞争的结果具有相当重要的意义，并可能参与克隆生长模式。植物种对土传病原菌的不同敏感性可能是一种进化的反应，选择压力的演替阶段，一个物种被限制在当地的非生物和生物环境因素的综合作用。
ECOLOGICAL study of the role of soil microorganisms in vegetation succession has focused mainly on organisms affecting plant nutrition, such as mycorrhiza and nitrogen-fixing bacteria. But, soil-borne diseases are involved in the degeneration ofAmmophila arenaria(Marram grass) andHippophaë rhamnoides(Sea buckthorn), two plant species that dominate the coastal foredunes of Europe and are widely planted for sand stabilization. We have used reciprocal transplantation and report here that soil-borne diseases may contribute to the succession of foredune plant species. In pot experiments, plant species that succeedA. arenariawere tolerant of the soil-borne diseases of this species. Plant species that were grown in soils from both previous and later succession stages were reduced most in soils from the later stages. During foredune succession, therefore, plants disappear from sites where the soil has become colonized with specific growth-depressing microorganisms. The soil-borne diseases must have considerable importance for the outcome of interspecific competition and may be involved in patterns of clonal growth. The different sensitivities of plant species for the soil-borne pathogens could be an evolutionary response to selection pressures of the succession stage to which a species is confined by the combined effect of local abiotic and biotic environmental factors.