Elaborative inferencing as an active or passive process.
Elaborative inferencing as an active or passive process.
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精细推理是一个主动或被动的过程。
DOI：
10.1037//0278-7393.16.2.250
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rayner,K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garrod,S;O'Brien,EJ;Morris,RK;Rayner,K
EJ奥布莱恩等人（见记录1988-31689-001）报告说，读者只有在文本包含的特征几乎消除了推理被否定的可能性时才产生精心推理。我们重新分析了奥布莱恩的数据，并进行了一个实验，在这个实验中，我们改变了（a）是否有一个照应关系之间的目标词和它的前面提到的文本和（B）的前面提到的明确性。对奥布莱恩等人的结论提出了两个改进。首先，他们操纵的两个文本特征（强烈的偏见背景或需求句）可能产生了不同类型的精心推理。我们认为，一个偏置的情况下，结果在一个被动的形式精心推理，涉及建立一个上下文的解释，而存在的需求句邀请读者积极预测随后的表达。第二，只有在真正的回指材料中，这两种推理的明确证据才是显而易见的。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
EJ O'Brien et al (see record 1988-31689-001) reported that readers generated elaborative inferences only when a text contained characteristics that virtually eliminated the possibility of an inference being disconfirmed. We reanalyzed O'Brien's data and also conducted an experiment in which we varied (a) whether or not there was an anaphoric relation between a target word and its prior mention in the text and (b) the explicitness of the prior mention. Two refinements to O'Brien et al's conclusions are offered. First, the two text characteristics they manipulated (a strong biasing context or a demand sentence) may have produced different types of elaborative inferencing. We argue that a biasing context results in a passive form of elaborative inferencing, involving setting up a context of interpretation, whereas the presence of a demand sentence invites the reader to actively predict a subsequent expression. Second, clear evidence for either type of inference will be apparent only with truly anaphoric materials.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)