Adolescent stress and neural plasticity in hamsters: a vasopressin-serotonin model of inappropriate aggressive behaviour
Adolescent stress and neural plasticity in hamsters: a vasopressin-serotonin model of inappropriate aggressive behaviour
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-445x.2000.tb00011.x
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Ferris, CF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ferris, CF
动物研究表明精氨酸抗利尿激素促进攻击，而血清素（5-HT）通过阻断抗利尿激素系统的活性来抑制攻击。临床研究报告显示，有“战斗和攻击”史的受试者在低反应性5-羟色胺系统存在下，脑脊液抗利尿激素浓度与攻击之间存在显著的正相关。因此，在动物和人类中，低反应性5-羟色胺系统可能导致抗利尿激素活性增强和攻击性增加。青春期情绪和身体上的侮辱，即威胁和攻击的压力是否会影响抗利尿激素和5-羟色胺系统的发育，并改变成年早期正常的攻击行为？在出生后第25天断奶青春期雄性金仓鼠，每天1 h进行成年仓鼠的威胁和攻击试验，持续2周。在一项平行的压力研究中，雄性幼崽每天在一个新的环境中进行1小时的隔离试验。在成年早期，在应激试验结束后第3天，即出生后第45天，在居民：入侵者模型中测试了动物的攻击行为。结果表明，攻击行为存在情境依赖的变化。与有孤立压力史的同伴相比，有虐待史的动物对体型较小的雄性表现出夸张的攻击行为。相反，当面对同等大小的雄性时，有虐待史的动物与对照组相比，表现出更少的攻击性和更多的顺从。研究确定，与对照组相比，受虐待动物下丘脑的抗利尿激素纤维和神经元的密度更低。相反，与对照组相比，受虐待动物下丘脑内5-羟色胺末端的数量更高。这些结果在动物模型中提供了证据，表明青春期威胁和攻击形式的压力可以改变大脑中抗利尿剂和5-羟色胺之间的平衡，导致成年早期不适当的攻击行为。
Animal studies show that arginine vasopressin facilitates aggression, while serotonin (5-HT) inhibits aggression by blocking the activity of the vasopressin system. Clinical studies report that subjects with a history of 'fighting and assault' show a significant positive correlation between cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of vasopressin and aggression in the presence of a hyporeactive 5-HT system. Thus, in animals and humans, a hyporeactive 5-HT system may result in enhanced vasopressin activity and increased aggression. Can the stress of emotional and physical insult, i.e. threat and attack, during adolescence affect the development of the vasopressin and 5-HT systems and alter normal aggressive behaviour in early adulthood? Adolescent male golden hamsters were weaned at postnatal day 25, and stressed for 2 weeks by daily 1 h bents of threat and attack by adult hamsters. Male littermates were run in a parallel stress study using daily 1 h trials of isolation in a novel environment. During early adulthood, on postnatal day 45, 3 days after the cessation of stress trials, animals were tested for aggression in a resident:intruder model. The results show a context-dependent change in aggression. Animals with a history of abuse show exaggerated attack behaviour toward smaller males compared to littermates with a history of isolation stress. Conversely, when confronted by males of equal size, animals with a history of abuse show diminished aggression and increased submission compared to controls. It was determined that the density of vasopressin fibres and neurones in the hypothalamus is lower in abused animals compared to controls. In contrast, the number of 5-HT terminals within the hypothalamus is higher in abused animals compared to controls. These results provide evidence in an animal model that stress in the form of threat and attack during adolescence can alter the balance between vasopressin and 5-HT in the brain, resulting in inappropriate aggressive behaviour in early adulthood.