A community-based trachoma survey: Prevalence and risk factors in the tigray region of northern Ethiopia
A community-based trachoma survey: Prevalence and risk factors in the tigray region of northern Ethiopia
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DOI：
10.1080/09286580600611427
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kedir, Abbi M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mesfin, Mengiste M.;de la Camera, Julio;Kedir, Abbi M.
目的：沙眼是埃塞俄比亚的一个公共卫生问题，占失明病例的 35 - 50%。本研究旨在确定提格雷沙眼的患病率，并评估常见危险因素是否也是该地区的危险因素。方法：进行了一项基于社区的横断面调查。采用多阶段整群随机抽样技术，从六个区共抽取了 48 个村庄。从 1200 个家庭中随机抽取的 3900 人接受了沙眼症状评估。眼科护士使用简化的临床分级系统来评估沙眼的阶段，而环保主义者则评估沙眼的危险因素。结果：在接受检查的 3900 人中，13% 患有沙眼滤泡 (TF)，27% 患有严重沙眼炎症 (TI)，17.7% 患有沙眼疤痕 (TS)，3.4% 患有沙眼倒睫 (TT)，0.3% 患有角膜混浊 (CO)。带烟囱的厨房的存在对 TS（调整优势比 [AOR] = 0.82；95% 置信区间 [CI]：0.65 - 0.96）和 TT（AOR = 0.80；95% CI：0.53；0.97）具有保护作用。活动性沙眼在儿童（AOR = 0.97；95% CI：0.96 - 0.97）、文盲（AOR = 1.38；95% CI：1.13 - 1.69）和不经常洗脸的人（AOR = 1.35；95% CI：1.18 - 1.54）中更为常见。结论：沙眼在提格雷地区呈高度流行。建议进行大规模化疗、扩大初级眼保健服务以及提倡定期洗脸的习惯。我们建议进一步研究家庭使用生物质能源对沙眼的影响。
Aim: Trachoma is a public health problem in Ethiopia accounting for 35 - 50% of cases of blindness. This study aims to determine the prevalence of trachoma in Tigray and to evaluate whether common risk factors are also risk factors in this region. Method: A cross sectional community-based survey was conducted. From six districts, a total of 48 villages were selected by a multistage cluster random sampling technique. A total of 3900 people who were selected randomly from 1200 households were assessed for signs of trachoma. Ophthalmic nurses used a simplified clinical grading system to assess stages of trachoma while environmentalists assessed risk factors for trachoma. Results: Of the 3900 people examined, 13% had trachomatous follicles (TF), 27% intense trachomatous inflammation (TI), 17.7% trachomatous scarring (TS), 3.4% trachomatous trichiasis ( TT) and 0.3% had corneal opacity ( CO). The presence of a kitchen with chimney had a protective effect on TS ( Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] = 0.82; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.65 - 0.96) and TT ( AOR = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.53; 0.97). Active trachoma was more prevalent among children (AOR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96 - 0.97), illiterates (AOR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.13 - 1.69) and those who infrequently wash their face (AOR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.18 - 1.54). Conclusions: Trachoma is hyperendemic in the Tigray region. Mass chemotherapy, the expansion of primary eye care services, and promotion of a regular face washing habit are recommended. We recommend further investigations on the effect of domestic use of biomass energy on trachoma.