Single-atom imaging of fermions in a quantum-gas microscope
Single-atom imaging of fermions in a quantum-gas microscope
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys3403
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发表时间：
2015-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Kuhr, Stefan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Haller, Elmar;Hudson, James;Kuhr, Stefan
利用量子气体显微镜(1，2)在光学晶格中实现单原子分辨探测，使量子模拟领域的新一代实验成为可能。尽管这样的装置已经在玻色子物种中实现，但费米子量子气体显微镜仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们演示了费米子钾-40原子的单点和单原子分辨荧光成像，在量子气体显微镜装置中，使用电磁诱导透明冷却(3，4)。我们在保持接近光学晶格振动基态的情况下，从1.5S范围内的单个原子平均探测到1,000个荧光光子。具有单粒子访问权的费米子量子模拟器将是研究强关联费米子量子系统现象和性质的极佳试验台，允许直接测量有序量子相(5-9)和非平衡动力学(10，11)，可以获得从自旋-自旋关联函数到多粒子纠缠(12)的各种量。
Single-atom-resolved detection in optical lattices using quantum-gas microscopes(1,2) has enabled a new generation of experiments in the field of quantum simulation. Although such devices have been realized with bosonic species, a fermionic quantum-gas microscope has remained elusive. Here we demonstrate single-site-and single-atom-resolved fluorescence imaging of fermionic potassium-40 atoms in a quantum-gas microscope set-up, using electromagnetically-induced-transparency cooling(3,4). We detected on average 1,000 fluorescence photons from a single atom within 1.5 s, while keeping it close to the vibrational ground state of the optical lattice. A quantum simulator for fermions with single-particle access will be an excellent test bed to investigate phenomena and properties of strongly correlated fermionic quantum systems, allowing direct measurement of ordered quantum phases(5-9) and out-of-equilibrium dynamics(10,11), with access to quantities ranging from spin-spin correlation functions to many-particle entanglement(12).