Performance evaluation of twelve low-cost PM2.5 sensors at an ambient air monitoring site
Performance evaluation of twelve low-cost PM2.5 sensors at an ambient air monitoring site
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DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.116946
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Polidori, Andrea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feenstra, Brandon;Papapostolou, Vasileios;Polidori, Andrea
现在消费市场上有各种低成本传感器用于测量空气污染物。这些低成本传感器在环境空气监测应用中的使用正在增加，包括栅栏线或近源监测、社区监测、应急响应、热点识别、移动监测、流行病学研究和补充监测，以提高当前监测网络的时空分辨率。当低成本传感器测量值与监管级仪器的测量值不一致时，有必要评估和了解这些设备的性能，以便正确解释结果并减少混乱。将低成本传感器与监管级仪器进行比较的系统、全面的现场和实验室研究对于表征传感器性能是必要的。本文介绍了在加利福尼亚州里弗赛德环境空气监测站的环境条件下，12 个颗粒物 (PM) 传感器测量 PM2.5（空气动力学直径小于 2.5 μm 的颗粒）的结果，该传感器在 2015 年 2 月 5 日至 2018 年 3 月 27 日的 3 年时间内，与联邦等效方法 (FEM) 仪器进行了测试。对传感器进行三次评估，典型持续时间为 8 周。性能评估结果发现，12 个传感器中的 6 个重复三次，对于 PM2.5 浓度低于 50 μg/m(3) 的平均 R-2 值 >= 0.70。在此子集中，平均绝对误差 (MAE) 范围为 4.4 至 7.0 mu g/m(3)，表明在解释这些传感器的数据时需要小心。附加分析表明，相对湿度对传感器性能的影响在不同模型之间存在差异，其中一些模型表现出随着湿度增加而增加的偏差误差。结果表明，当根据现有环境空气质量网络正确解释和理解数据时，许多传感器有可能成为表征周围环境中 PM2.5 水平的有用工具。性能评估结果针对加利福尼亚州里弗赛德市在不可重复的环境天气条件和颗粒特性下的性能评估结果，预计在具有不同颗粒特性和天气条件的其他位置进行的性能评估测试将产生类似但不相同的结果。
A variety of low-cost sensors are now available on the consumer market for measuring air pollutants. The use of these low-cost sensors for ambient air monitoring applications is increasing and includes fence-line or near-source monitoring, community monitoring, emergency response, hot-spot identification, mobile monitoring, epidemiological studies, and supplemental monitoring to improve the spatial-temporal resolution of current monitoring networks. Evaluating and understanding the performance of these devices is necessary to properly interpret the results and reduce confusion when low-cost sensor measurements are not in agreement with measurements from regulatory-grade instrumentation. Systematic and comprehensive field and laboratory studies comparing low-cost sensors with regulatory-grade instrumentation are necessary to characterize sensor performance. This paper presents the results of 12 particulate matter (PM) sensors measurement of PM2.5 (particles with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 mu m) tested under ambient conditions against a federally equivalent method (FEM) instrument at an ambient air monitoring station in Riverside, CA spanning over a 3-year period from 02/05/15 to 03/27/18. Sensors were evaluated in triplicate with a typical time duration of 8-week. Performance evaluation results found 6 of the 12 sensor triplicates with average R-2 values >= 0.70 for PM2.5 concentrations less than 50 mu g/m(3). Within this subset, the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) ranged from 4.4 to 7.0 mu g/m(3) indicating the need for caution when interpreting data from these sensors. Additional analysis revealed that the impact of relative humidity on sensor performance varied between models with several models exhibiting increased bias error with increasing humidity. Results indicate that a number of these sensors have potential as useful tools for characterizing PM2.5 levels in ambient environments when data is interpreted and understood correctly with regard to existing ambient air quality networks. The performance evaluation results are specific for Riverside, CA under non-repeatable ambient weather conditions and particle properties with the expectation that performance evaluation testing at other locations with different particle properties and weather conditions would yield similar but non-identical results.