The introduction of lodgepole pine as a major forest crop in Sweden: implications for host-pathogen evolution
The introduction of lodgepole pine as a major forest crop in Sweden: implications for host-pathogen evolution
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DOI：
10.1016/s0378-1127(00)00491-6
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发表时间：
2001-02-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Ennos, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ennos, RA
对宿主-病原体系统中自然选择的理论和实验研究进行了回顾，并从这些研究中得出的一般原则用于分析将黑松引入瑞典可能产生的致病后果。单独引进黑松可能对原生林造成相对较低的疾病风险。然而，在高度紧张的黑松人工林中，可能进化出更具侵略性的本地苏格兰松病原体种群，这是令人担忧的。这些病原体随后可能会转移回苏格兰松，并导致原生森林的破坏程度增加。然而，这种形式的不稳定病原体进化发生的风险类似于在压力条件下生长的本地苏格兰松林上进化出更具侵略性的病原体的风险。与上述结论相反，从北美引入瑞典的黑松病原体不仅可能对本地苏格兰松造成非常严重的损害，而且还可能对作为外来物种生长的黑松造成非常严重的损害。预防致病性问题所需的最重要措施是尽量减少将黑松病原体引入瑞典的风险。可以采取的一个实际步骤是减少黑松种子的进口，并鼓励从该国已经存在的种质资源中开发适应良好的瑞典黑松“陆地品种”。(C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V.版权所有
Theoretical and experimental investigations of natural selection in host-pathogen systems are reviewed and the general principles emerging from these studies are used to analyse the possible pathogenic consequences of introducing lodgepole pine into Sweden. Introduction of lodgepole pine alone is likely to pose a relatively low disease risk for native forests. The possible evolution of more aggressive populations of native Scots pine pathogens on highly stressed lodgepole pine plantations is, nevertheless, of some concern. These pathogens could, subsequently, transfer back on to Scots pine and cause an increase in damage levels within native forests. The risk of this form of destabilising pathogen evolution occurring is, however, similar to the risk of evolving more aggressive pathogens on stands of native Scots pine growing under stressed conditions.In contrast to the conclusions drawn above, the introduction of lodgepole pine pathogens from North America into Sweden has the potential to cause very severe damage not only to native Scots pine, but also to lodgepole pine growing as an exotic. The most important measures needed to guard against pathogenic problems are those that minimise the risk of introduction of lodgepole pine pathogens into Sweden. One practical step that can be taken is to curtail importation of lodgepole pine seed and encourage the development of well adapted Swedish 'land races' of lodgepole pine from germplasm already present in the country. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.