Temporal and interspecific dietary variation in wintering ducks in agricultural landscapes
Temporal and interspecific dietary variation in wintering ducks in agricultural landscapes
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DOI：
10.1111/mec.16584
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发表时间：
2022-07-10
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Takenaka, Akio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ando, Haruko;Ikeno, Susumu;Takenaka, Akio
农田作为水禽觅食的栖息地正变得越来越重要，而天然湿地正在全球范围内消失。然而，目前还不清楚水禽如何共存于农业景观的资源分配。我们评估了饮食的7个同域的dabbling鸭觅食的稻田和稻田周围的霞浦湖，日本第二大湖泊，在两个越冬季节（11月至2月）的粪便DNA metabarcoding叶绿体trnL和线粒体CO1区序列。我们检查了420个粪便样本，发现不同的鸭种之间的饮食多样性和组成的模式。植物和无脊椎动物食物的模式也不同。植物性食物的生态位划分明显。大型鸭密集地使用农作物，其他鸭可能通过使用适合其觅食行为或微生境的陆生和水生植物来调解竞争。物种间的饮食分离在2月份最为明显，当时觅食鸭的丰度最大。本研究揭示了农业景观中鸭类食物生态位划分的复杂模式，这可能难以用常规方法进行评估。农作物的可用性，以及其他植物的食物资源，在干旱地区和农田堤防，可能使鸭共存的空间或行为资源分区。
Farmlands are becoming more important as waterfowl foraging habitats, while natural wetlands are being lost globally. However, it is unclear how waterfowl coexist in agricultural landscapes by resource partitioning. We evaluated the diets of seven sympatric dabbling ducks foraging in rice paddy and lotus fields around Lake Kasumigaura, the second largest lake in Japan, during two wintering seasons (from November to February) by faecal DNA metabarcoding using chloroplast trnL and mitochondrial CO1 region sequences. We examined 420 faecal samples and found different patterns of dietary diversity and composition among the duck species. The pattern also differed between plant and invertebrate food. Dietary niche partitioning was clear in plant food. Large-bodied ducks intensively use crop plants, and other ducks might mediate competition by using terrestrial and aquatic plants that are suitable for their foraging behaviours or microhabitats. Dietary segregation among species was the most apparent in February, when the abundance of foraging ducks was the largest. This study illustrated the complex pattern of dietary niche partitioning of dabbling ducks in agricultural landscapes, which might be difficult to evaluate by conventional approaches. The availability of crop plants, as well as other plant food resources in flooted areas and farmland dikes, may enable ducks to coexist by spatial or behavioural resource partitioning.