Increased in vivo activation of microglia and astrocytes in the brains of mice transgenic for an infectious R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 provirus and for CD4-specific expression of human cyclin T1 in response to stimulation by lipopolysaccharide
Increased in vivo activation of microglia and astrocytes in the brains of mice transgenic for an infectious R5 human immunodeficiency virus type 1 provirus and for CD4-specific expression of human cyclin T1 in response to stimulation by lipopolysaccharide
复制标题
感染性 R5 人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型原病毒和人细胞周期蛋白 T1 的 CD4 特异性表达转基因小鼠大脑中小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的体内激活增加，以响应脂多糖的刺激
DOI：
10.1128/jvi.02618-07
复制
发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Goldstein,Harris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun,Jinglin;Zheng,JianHua;Zhao,Mengliang;Lee,Sunhee;Goldstein,Harris
Inflammatory mediators and viral products produced by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected microglia and astrocytes perturb the function and viability of adjacent uninfected neuronal and glial cells and contribute to the pathogenesis of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). In vivo exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates parenchymal microglia and astrocytes and induces cytokine and chemokine production in the brain. HIV-infected individuals display increased circulating LPS levels due to microbial translocation across a compromised mucosa barrier. We hypothesized that HIV-infected microglia and astrocytes display increased sensitivity to the proinflammatory effects of LPS, and this combines with the increased levels of systemic LPS in HIV-infected individuals to contribute to the development of HAND. To examine this possibility, we determined the in vivo responsiveness of HIV-infected microglia and astrocytes to LPS using our mouse model, JR-CSF/human cyclin T1 (JR-CSF/hu-cycT1) mice, which are transgenic for both an integrated full-length infectious HIV type 1 (HIV-1) provirus derived from the primary R5-tropic clinical isolate HIV-1JR-CSFregulated by the endogenous HIV-1 long terminal repeat and the hu-cycT1 gene under the control of a CD4 promoter. In the current report, we demonstrated that in vivo-administered LPS more potently activated JR-CSF/hu-cycT1 mouse microglia and astrocytes and induced a significantly higher degree of monocyte chemoattractant protein production by JR-CSF/hu-cycT1 astrocytes compared to that of the in vivo LPS response of control littermate mouse microglia and astrocytes. These results indicate that HIV infection increases the sensitivity of microglia and astrocytes to inflammatory stimulation and support the use of these mice as a model to investigate various aspects of the in vivo mechanism of HIV-induced neuronal dysfunction.
