Molecular Mechanisms of Mechanosensing and Mechanotransduction
Molecular Mechanisms of Mechanosensing and Mechanotransduction
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机械传感和机械传导的分子机制
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-79099-2_17
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Iida Hidetoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Toyota Masatsugu;Furuichi Takuya;Iida Hidetoshi
机械刺激，如触摸，弯曲，重力和创伤，通过激活细胞内信号通路和基因表达影响植物的生长和发育。因此，机械传感和机械转导是至关重要的，近150年来一直吸引着许多植物科学家的注意力。基于最近的分子和细胞方法，已经发现了机械传感器的候选者。这些包括机械敏感性（MS）通道，如MscS样（MSL）蛋白、mid 1-互补活性（MCA）和降低的高渗透压诱导的[Ca 2 +] i增加1（OSCA 1），其产生细胞内离子信号和受体样激酶，触发调节蛋白或酶的激活，包括Ca 2+结合蛋白、蛋白激酶、蛋白磷酸酶和转录因子。其他可能的机械传感器组是细胞骨架中的细胞内丝状结构，例如微管和肌动蛋白丝，其可以直接充当细胞内结构变形的传感器。在这一章中，我们讨论了植物的感觉和响应机械刺激的机制，重点是机械传感器沿着及其下游信号分子，如生长素和活性氧（ROS）。
Mechanical stimuli, such as touch, bending, gravity, and wounding, influence plant growth and development through the activation of intracellular signaling pathways and gene expression. Therefore, mechanosensing and mechanotransduction are of vital importance and have been attracting the attention of many plant scientists for nearly 150 years. Based on recent molecular and cellular approaches, candidates for mechanosensors have been discovered. These include mechanosensitive (MS) channels, such as MscS-like (MSL) proteins,mid1-complementing activities (MCAs), and reduced hyperosmolality-induced [Ca2+]iincrease 1 (OSCA1), which generate intracellular ionic signals and receptor-like kinases that trigger the activation of regulatory proteins or enzymes, including Ca2+-binding proteins, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, and transcription factors. Other possible groups of mechanosensors are intracellular filamentous structures in the cytoskeleton, such as microtubules and actin filaments, which may directly act as sensors for the deformation of intracellular structures. In this chapter, we discuss the mechanisms by which plants sense and respond to mechanical stimuli by focusing on mechanosensors along with their downstream signaling molecules, such as auxin and reactive oxygen species (ROS).