Identification of Monomorphic and Divergent Haplotypes in the 2006-2007 Norovirus GII/4 Epidemic Population by Genomewide Tracing of Evolutionary History
Identification of Monomorphic and Divergent Haplotypes in the 2006-2007 Norovirus GII/4 Epidemic Population by Genomewide Tracing of Evolutionary History
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DOI：
10.1128/jvi.00897-08
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发表时间：
2008-11-15
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Sato, Hironori
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Motomura, Kazushi;Oka, Tomoichiro;Sato, Hironori
我们的诺如病毒（NoV）监测小组报告说，与前一个冬季相比，2006-2007年冬季日本的NoV感染增加了4倍以上。由于这种增加与监测系统的变化无关，我们怀疑出现了新的NoV GII/4流行变异。为了获得有关病毒变化的信息，我们进行了全长基因组分析。2006年5月至2007年1月期间，在日本11个研究中心收集了55例不同年龄急性胃肠炎患者的粪便标本。长PCR产物的直接测序显示37个GII/4基因组序列。病毒基因组和部分序列的系统发育研究表明，在欧洲的两个新的GII/4变种，称为2006 a和2006 b，最初共存于2006年初在日本的少数民族和2006年仅占主导地位的居民GII/4变种在2006年。系统发育分析和熵分析的结合首次揭示了新流行株的所有8种蛋白质中的独特氨基酸取代。这些数据和计算机辅助的结构研究的NoV衣壳蛋白是兼容的抗原漂移的模型与调整的结构和功能的多个蛋白质的全球产物的新的GII/4变体。关于最近全球流行变异的基因组序列和独特蛋白质变化的全面信息的可用性将允许诊断测定、分子流行病学、分子生物学和自然界中的NoV适应性变化的研究。
Our norovirus (NoV) surveillance group reported a >4-fold increase in NoV infection in Japan during the winter of 2006-2007 compared to the previous winter. Because the increase was not linked to changes in the surveillance system, we suspected the emergence of new NoV GII/4 epidemic variants. To obtain information on viral changes, we conducted full-length genomic analysis. Stool specimens from 55 acute gastroenteritis patients of various ages were collected at 11 sites in Japan between May 2006 and January 2007. Direct sequencing of long PCR products revealed 37 GII/4 genome sequences. Phylogenetic study of viral genome and partial sequences showed that the two new GII/4 variants in Europe, termed 2006a and 2006b, initially coexisted as minorities in early 2006 in Japan and that 2006b alone had dominated over the resident GII/4 variants during 2006. A combination of phylogenetic and entropy analyses revealed for the first time the unique amino acid substitutions in all eight proteins of the new epidemic strains. These data and computer-assisted structural study of the NoV capsid protein are compatible with a model of antigenic drift with tuning of the structure and functions of multiple proteins for the global outgrowth of new GII/4 variants. The availability of comprehensive information on genome sequences and unique protein changes of the recent global epidemic variants will allow studies of diagnostic assays, molecular epidemiology, molecular biology, and adaptive changes of NoV in nature.