A 0.31-THz Orbital-Angular-Momentum (OAM) Wave Transceiver in CMOS With Bits-to-OAM Mode Mapping
A 0.31-THz Orbital-Angular-Momentum (OAM) Wave Transceiver in CMOS With Bits-to-OAM Mode Mapping
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DOI：
10.1109/jssc.2022.3141366
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Muhammad Ibrahim Wasiq Khan;Jongchan Woo;Xiang Yi;Mohamed I. Ibrahim;R. Yazicigil;A. Chandrakasan;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Muhammad Ibrahim Wasiq Khan;Jongchan Woo;Xiang Yi;Mohamed I. Ibrahim;R. Yazicigil;A. Chandrakasan;
本文报道了收发器前端的第一个基于芯片的演示（在任何频率上），该前端以波前相的螺旋分布传输和接收电磁波[即轨道角动量（OAM）]。 -thz调制器/检测器单位，具有集成的贴片天线，将直径为一个自由空间波长的均匀圆形图案放置。在$ m \，\，= 0 $（飞机波），+1（左手），-1（右手）和$（+1）+（-1）$（叠加）中，以数字方式切换）芯片也可重新配置为接收器模式，以> 10 dB的拒绝对不匹配的模式，该模式仅由一个310-GHz信号生成路径驱动。在OAM来源消耗154 MW的直流电源在接收器模式下，它具有$ \ sim 30 $ db的测量转换损失，并使用低成本的65 nm散装CMOS技术消耗166兆瓦。仅2.1 $ \ times $ 2.6 mm2，这是所有先前的OAM原型中的最小的，在实验中也验证了芯片的动态模式的能力在1 m距离的时间域中进行了验证，并展示了全硅OAM链路。
This article reports the first chip-based demonstration (at any frequency) of a transceiver front end that transmits and receives electromagnetic waves with a helical distribution of wavefront phase [namely, orbital angular momentum (OAM)]. The CMOS chip consists of eight 0.31-THz modulator/detector units, with an integrated patch antenna, which are placed in a uniform circular pattern with a diameter of one free-space wavelength. The chip transmits OAM modes that are digitally switched among the $m\,\,=0$ (plane wave), +1 (left-handed), −1 (right-handed), and $(+1)+(-1)$ (superposition) states. The chip is also reconfigurable into a receiver mode that identifies different OAM modes with >10-dB rejection of mismatched modes. The array, driven by only one 310-GHz signal generation path, has a measured EIRP of −4.8 dBm and consumes 154 mW of dc power in the OAM source mode. In the receiver mode, it has a measured conversion loss of $\sim 30$ dB and consumes 166 mW of dc power. Using a low-cost 65-nm bulk CMOS technology, the terahertz (THz)-OAM chip has an area of only 2.1 $\times $ 2.6 mm2, which is the smallest among all prior OAM prototypes. The output OAM beam profiles and modes’ orthogonality are experimentally verified. The dynamic mode switching capability of the chip is also verified in the time domain across 1-m distance, and a full-silicon OAM link is demonstrated.