Indoor air pollution from solid biomass fuels combustion in rural agricultural area of Tibet, China
Indoor air pollution from solid biomass fuels combustion in rural agricultural area of Tibet, China
复制标题
中国西藏农村农业区固体生物质燃料燃烧造成的室内空气污染
DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0668.2008.00579.x
复制
发表时间：
2009-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Chen, L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao, X.;Yu, Q.;Chen, L.
本研究旨在调查西藏农村地区室内空气污染状况，并估算能源转换对居民污染暴露的影响。于2006年12月至2007年3月对西藏农村地区厨房、客厅、卧室、庭院等室内微环境进行了PM2.5的日常监测。对于厨房空气污染，比较了甲烷和固体生物质燃料（SBF）的影响。对扎囊县居民的生活能量模式和日常活动模式进行了问卷调查。厨房、客厅、卧室和庭院的PM2.5日平均浓度为134.91 μ g/m3。（平均值，n = 45，95%CI 84.02，185.80），103.61 μ g/m（3）（平均值，n = 21，95%CI 85.77，121.45），76.13 μ g/m（3）（平均值，n = 18，95%CI 57.22，95.04）和78.33 μ g/m（3）（平均值，n = 34，95%CI 60.00，96.65）。在厨房中使用模拟体液比使用甲烷会导致更高的室内污染。使用粪饼、薪柴和沼气的厨房PM2.5浓度为117.41 μ g/m3（平均值，n = 18，95%CI 71.03，163.79），271.11 μ g/m（3）（平均值，n = 12，95%CI 104.74，437.48）和46.96 μ g/m（3）（平均值，n = 15，95%CI 28.10，65.82）。家庭收入对烹饪能源选择有显著影响，而商业能源供应不足对取暖能源选择的影响更大。本研究评估了两种改善室内空气品质的措施的效果。一个是用清洁能源如甲烷取代SBF，另一个是将烹饪场所与其他房间分开，通过应用这些对策，居民暴露于颗粒物的比例将减少25-50%（甲烷）或20-30%由固体生物质燃料引起的室内空气污染是发展中国家最重要的疾病负担之一，这引起了环境和公共卫生研究人员以及政策制定者的注意。本文对西藏的室内空气污染进行了初步研究，并对一些干预政策的效果进行了评价。本研究为室内空气污染的研究提供了重要的理论依据，并为相关政策的制定提供了参考。
In this study, we are trying to investigate the indoor air pollution and to estimate the residents' pollution exposure reduction of energy altering in rural Tibet. Daily PM2.5 monitoring was conducted in indoor microenvironments like kitchen, living-room, bedroom, and yard in rural Tibet from December 2006 to March 2007. For kitchen air pollution, impact of two fuel types, methane and solid biomass fuels (SBFs), were compared. Questionnaire survey on the domestic energy pattern and residents' daily activity pattern was performed in Zha-nang County. Daily average PM2.5 concentrations in kitchen, living-room, bedroom, and yard were 134.91 mu g/m(3) (mean, n = 45, 95%CI 84.02, 185.80), 103.61 mu g/m(3) (mean, n = 21, 95%CI 85.77, 121.45), 76.13 mu g/m(3) (mean, n = 18, 95%CI 57.22, 95.04), and 78.33 mu g/m(3) (mean, n = 34, 95%CI 60.00, 96.65) respectively. Using SBFs in kitchen resulted in higher indoor pollution than using methane. PM2.5 concentrations in kitchen with dung cake, fuel wood and methane use were 117.41 mu g/m(3) (mean, n = 18, 95%CI 71.03, 163.79), 271.11 mu g/m(3) (mean, n = 12, 95%CI 104.74, 437.48), and 46.96 mu g/m(3) (mean, n = 15, 95%CI 28.10, 65.82) respectively. Family income has significant influence on cooking energy choice, while the lack of commercial energy supply affects the energy choice for heating more. The effects of two countermeasures to improve indoor air quality were estimated in this research. One is to replace SBFs by clean energy like methane, the other is to separate the cooking place from other rooms and by applying these countermeasures, residents' exposure to particulate matters would reduce by 25-50% (methane) or 20-30% (separation) compared to the present situation.Indoor air pollution caused by solid biomass fuels is one of the most important burdens of disease in the developing countries, which attracts the attention of environment and public health researchers, as well as policy makers. This paper gives a pilot research on the indoor air pollution and estimated the effects of some intervention policies in Tibet of China, where the living habits of the residents are quite different from other parts of the world. This work would be an important supply to the indoor air pollution studies, and would be helpful in policy making.