Alternaria toxins in wheat during the 2004 to 2005 Argentinean harvest
Alternaria toxins in wheat during the 2004 to 2005 Argentinean harvest
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DOI：
10.4315/0362-028x-71.6.1262
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发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Fernandez Pinto, V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Azcarate, M. P.;Patriarca, A.;Fernandez Pinto, V.
自然发生的链格孢霉菌毒素在阿根廷小麦从区5南在2004年至2005年的收获进行了调查，在64个小麦样品。所有样品都被广泛的真菌物种高度污染。真菌门中以链格孢属为主，侵染率达100%。测定了小麦中链格孢属真菌产生的3种毒素：交链孢酚、交链孢酚单甲醚和细交链孢酸。在64个样本中的4个（6%）中检测到链格孢醇，范围为645至1，388 μ g/kg（平均值为1，054微克/千克）;交链孢酚单甲醚，范围为566至7，451微克/千克64个样本中有15个样本（23%）的含量为2，118微克/千克（平均值为2，118微克/千克）; 64个样本中有12个样本的含量为19%，范围为1，001至8，814微克/千克（平均值为2，313微克/千克）。交链孢酚单甲醚是主要的毒素，但细交链孢酮酸检测到较高的浓度。交链孢酚存在于更少的样品和更低的水平比其他毒素。在4个样品中，细链孢酸和交链孢酚单甲醚同时出现，而细链孢酸和交链孢酚同时出现在1个样品中。这是第一次报告的自然发生链格孢霉菌毒素在阿根廷小麦。毒素水平很高，可能是由于样本中发现的链格孢属物种的严重感染。
The natural occurrence of Alternaria mycotoxins in Argentinean wheat from the zone 5 South during the 2004 to 2005 harvest was investigated in 64 wheat samples. All samples were highly contaminated with a wide range of fungal species. Alternaria was found as the main component of the mycota, with an infection percentage of 100%. Three mycotoxins produced by species of Alternaria were determined in wheat: alternariol, alternariol monomethyl ether, and tenuazonic acid. Alternariol was detected in 4 (6%) of 64 samples, with a range of 645 to 1,388 mu g/kg (mean of 1,054 mu g/kg); alternariol monomethyl ether, with a range of 566 to 7,451 mu g/kg (mean of 2,118 mu g/kg) in 15 (23%) of 64 samples; and tenuazonic acid in 12 (19%) of 64 samples, with a range of 1,001 to 8,814 mu g/kg (mean, 2,313 mu g/kg). Alternariol monomethyl ether was the predominant toxin, but tenuazonic acid was detected in higher concentrations. Alternariol was present in fewer samples and in lower levels than were the other toxins. Tenuazonic acid and alternariol monomethyl ether occurred together in four samples, while tenuazonic acid and alternariol co-occurred in one sample. This the first report of the natural occurrence of Alternaria mycotoxins in Argentinean wheat. Toxin levels were high, probably due to the heavy infection with Alternaria species found in the samples.