Community-acquired pneumonia in a cohort of former injection drug users with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection: Incidence, etiologies, and clinical aspects
Community-acquired pneumonia in a cohort of former injection drug users with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection: Incidence, etiologies, and clinical aspects
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DOI：
10.1093/clinids/23.1.107
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发表时间：
1996-07-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Rezza, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boschini, A;Smacchia, C;Rezza, G
虽然细菌性肺炎、人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染和注射吸毒之间的关联似乎已经得到很好的确立，但仍需要准确估计HIV阳性和HIV阴性注射吸毒者（IDUs）中社区获得性肺炎的风险。为了估计前注射吸毒者社区的肺炎发病率，我们在1991年至1994年期间跟踪了4，236人; 1，114人（26.3%）为HIV阳性，3，122人（73.7%）为HIV阴性。所有患者均按照标准标准进行肺炎评估，每年至少从每位参与者处采集一次血清样本，并监测实验室值。总体而言，艾滋病毒阳性患者中发生了149起肺炎事件，艾滋病毒阴性患者中发生了61起肺炎事件;发病率分别为90.5和14.2（每1 000人-年）。最常见的病原体是肺炎链球菌、肺炎衣原体和流感嗜血杆菌。在HIV阳性的前注射吸毒者中，CD 4细胞计数每减少100/mm 3，肺炎的相对风险增加1.37倍（95%置信区间，1.16-1.61）。社区获得性肺炎的发病率在艾滋病毒阳性参与者中明显高于艾滋病毒阴性参与者，这一发现与一般人群相似。
Although the association among bacterial pneumonia, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and injection-drug use seems to have been well established, accurate estimates of the risk of community-acquired pneumonia among HN-positive and HIV-negative injection-drug users (IDUs) are still needed. To estimate the incidence of pneumonia in a community of former IDUs, we followed 4,236 persons between 1991 and 1994; 1,114 (26.3%) were HIV-positive and 3,122 (73.7%) were HIV-negative. All patients were evaluated for pneumonia by standard criteria, a serum sample was obtained from each participant at least once a year, and laboratory values were monitored. Overall, 149 episodes of pneumonia occurred among HIV-positive patients and 61 among HIV-negative patients; incidence rates were 90.5 and 14.2 (per 1,000 person-years), respectively. The most common etiologic agents were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. Among the HIV-positive former IDUs, there was a 1.37-fold increase in the relative risk of pneumonia for every decrease of 100/mm(3) in the CD4 cell count (95% confidence interval, 1.16-1.61). The incidence of community-acquired pneumonia was markedly higher among HIV-positive participants than among HIV-negative ones, a finding similar to that concerning the general population.