Subspecies dynamics in space and time: A study of the red deer complex using ancient and modern DNA and morphology
Subspecies dynamics in space and time: A study of the red deer complex using ancient and modern DNA and morphology
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DOI：
10.1111/jbi.13124
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Lister, Adrian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meiri, Meirav;Kosintsev, Pavel;Lister, Adrian
目的：许多分类群的地理单位在物种和物种复合体中的地位是有争议的，许多分子研究未能检测到表型定义的亚种。人们对地理格局的历史和寿命也普遍知之甚少。我们研究了全北极红鹿（马鹿和相关的形式），纳入古代DNA，以询问目前的气候地理是否通过气候扰动持续存在，或者是一个相对较新的现象。（欧洲、北方亚洲和北美洲）。我们获得了21个现代和30个全新世和晚更新世样品，加上已发表的数据，共有180个个体，包括21个名义上的现存亚种和1个灭绝亚种。对748 bp的线粒体DNA（细胞色素B和控制区）进行系统发育分析。在可能的情况下，DNA产生的古代样品的形态进行了检查，以评估亚种identity.Results：内的红鹿复杂的主要分支得到支持，但亚种内的人得到不同的支持。古代的单倍型地理结构在很大程度上符合现代的情况，但有些单倍型群已不复存在。此外，随着时间的推移，地域范围也发生了重大变化。在末次冰期，瓦皮类向西扩展到罗马尼亚，而蛇类则向东扩展到乌拉尔山脉。一个可能的接触区之间的两个血统从乌拉尔山脉通过克里米亚延伸到东欧。主要结论：古代DNA和形态学是强有力的补充，在阐明人口的历史。在过去的50 kyr，红鹿的主要谱系，其中的一些亚种组，保持了其遗传和形态的完整性和核心的地理分布，尽管范围扩大和收缩和可能的单倍型群之间的接触（具有杂交的潜力）。
Aim: The status of geographical units within species and species complexes is debated for many taxa, with many molecular studies failing to detect phenotypically defined subspecies. The history and longevity of geographical patterns are also generally very poorly understood. We examine Holarctic red deer (Cervus elaphus and related forms), incorporating ancient DNA to ask whether the present phylogeography has persisted through climatic perturbations or is a relatively recent phenomenon.Location: Holarctic (Europe, northern Asia and North America).Methods: We obtained 21 modern and 30 Holocene and Late Pleistocene samples, which together with published data resulted in 180 individuals spanning 21 nominal extant and one extinct subspecies. Phylogenetic analyses were carried out on 748-bp of mitochondrial DNA (cytochrome b and control region). Where possible, the morphology of DNA-yielding ancient samples was examined to assess subspecies identity.Results: Major clades within the red deer complex are upheld, but subspecies within them receive varying support. The ancient phylogeographical structure conforms in significant part to the modern situation, but some haplogroups no longer survive. Moreover, there have been substantial shifts in geographical ranges through time. Wapitoids spread as far west as Romania in the last glaciation, and elaphoids reached eastward to the Ural Mountains. A possible contact zone between the two lineages stretched from the Urals through the Crimea to Eastern Europe.Main conclusions: Ancient DNA and morphology are strongly complementary in elucidating population history. Through the past 50 kyr, the major lineages of red deer, and some of the subspecies groups within them, have maintained their genetic and morphological integrity and their core geographical distributions, despite range expansions and contractions and likely contact between the haplogroups (with potential for hybridization).