Tarawera 1886: an integrated review of volcanological and geochemical characteristics of a complex basaltic eruption
Tarawera 1886: an integrated review of volcanological and geochemical characteristics of a complex basaltic eruption
复制标题
Tarawera 1886：对复杂玄武岩喷发的火山学和地球化学特征的综合回顾
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Segovia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. C. Rowe;R. Carey;J. White;G. Kilgour;Ery C. Hughes;B. Ellis;Jean;A. Segovia
摘要火山爆发是一次剧烈的玄武质喷发。1886年的塔拉威拉是新西兰重要的文化和科学事件。这篇评论利用已发表的和新的观察，重新解释喷发参数，包括整个喷发。火山喷发的裂缝长达17公里，活动时间超过4小时，延伸到整个Mt.从塔拉威拉到热液活跃的怀曼古地区。相关发表的观测床的厚度，成分和显微结构从山。Tarawera到新的床的描述和粒度的Rotomahana-Waimangu裂谷段允许重新评估的喷发变化沿着裂缝的长度。在Mt. Tarawera与火山碎屑潮和喷发羽形成对比，这些火山碎屑潮和喷发羽共同沉积了沿Rotomahana-Waimangu段沿着喷发的“Rotomahana泥浆”。提供洞察喷发前的条件，新的矿物化学从山。塔拉韦拉提供了结晶压力（<2千巴），温度（<1100°C）和岩浆水含量（<2.8重量%）的第一个限制。 重新计算的体积表明，整体喷发体积为1.1-1.3 km 3，幼年玄武岩体积高达0.67 km 3，因此计算出北方Mt.的排放速率为3.7 × 107-7.8 × 107 kg s−1。 裂缝的塔拉威拉段和罗托马哈纳段的1.4-5.7 × 106 kg s-1。
ABSTRACT The cataclysmic basaltic eruption of Mt. Tarawera in 1886 represents a significant cultural and scientific event for New Zealand. This review utilises published and new observations, to reinterpret eruptive parameters encompassing the entirety of the eruption. The ∼17 km eruptive fissure, active for 4+ hours, extends across Mt. Tarawera to the hydrothermally active Waimangu region. Correlating published observations of bed thickness, componentry and microtextures from Mt. Tarawera to new bed descriptions and granulometry for the Rotomahana-Waimangu rift segment allows for a re-assessment of eruption variations along the length of the fissure. Variably thick pyroclastic fall sequences at Mt. Tarawera contrast with the pyroclastic surges and an eruption plume that together deposited the ‘Rotomahana Mud’ erupted along the Rotomahana-Waimangu segment. Providing insight into pre-eruptive conditions, new mineral chemistry from Mt. Tarawera provides the first constraints on crystallisation pressures (<2 kbar), temperatures (<1100°C), and magmatic water content (<2.8 wt%). Recalculated volumes indicate a bulk eruptive volume of 1.1–1.3 km3, and a juvenile basalt volume of up to 0.67 km3, which then lead to calculated discharge rates of 3.7 × 107–7.8 × 107 kg s−1 for the northern Mt. Tarawera segment of the fissure and 1.4–5.7 × 106 kg s−1 for the Rotomahana segment.