Identification of a multipotent astrocytic stem cell in the immature and adult mouse brain
Identification of a multipotent astrocytic stem cell in the immature and adult mouse brain
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.250471697
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发表时间：
2000-12-05
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Steindler, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Laywell, ED;Rakic, P;Steindler, DA
哺乳动物大脑中含有一群神经干细胞（NSC），它们可以沿着中枢神经系统（CNS）的三个谱系途径自我更新和产生后代，但在体内鉴定和定位NSC在出生后中枢神经系统中被证明是难以捉摸的。最近，单独的研究表明，纤毛室管膜（CE）细胞和特殊室管膜下区（SEZ）星形胶质细胞是成人大脑NSC的候选者。在目前的研究中，我们研究了这两种NSC候选物在体外形成多能球形克隆-神经球的潜力。我们得出结论，CE细胞是单能性的，仅在胶质细胞谱系中产生细胞，尽管它们在分离培养时能够形成球形克隆。相反，来自大脑皮层、小脑、脊髓和经济特区的星形胶质细胞单层可以形成神经球，从而产生神经元和胶质细胞。然而，形成神经球的能力仅限于出生后2周内形成的星形胶质细胞单层，除了SEZ星形胶质细胞，它在成熟的前脑中保留了这种能力。我们的结论是，在某些体外条件下模拟的环境因素，在中枢神经系统发育的关键时期短暂地赋予星形胶质细胞nsc样属性。
The mammalian brain contains a population of neural stem cells (NSC) that can both self-renew and generate progeny along the three lineage pathways of the central nervous system (CNS), but the in vivo identification and localization of NSC in the postnatal CNS has proved elusive. Recently, separate studies have implicated ciliated ependymal (CE) cells, and special subependymal zone (SEZ) astrocytes as candidates for NSC in the adult brain. In the present study, we have examined the potential of these two NSC candidates to form multipotent spherical clones-neurospheres-in vitro. We conclude that CE cells are unipotent and give rise only to cells within the glia cell lineage, although they are capable of forming spherical clones when cultured in isolation. In contrast, astrocyte monolayers from the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, spinal cord, and SEZ can form neurospheres that give rise both to neurons and glia. However, the ability to form neurospheres is restricted to astrocyte monolayers derived during the first 2 postnatal wk, except for SEZ astrocytes, which retain this capacity in the mature forebrain. We conclude that environmental factors, simulated by certain in vitro conditions, transiently confer NSC-like attributes on astrocytes during a critical period in CNS development.