Genetic Structure and Phylogeography of Tuber magnatum Populations
Genetic Structure and Phylogeography of Tuber magnatum Populations
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DOI：
10.3390/d12020044
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发表时间：
2020-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Rubini, Andrea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Belfiori, Beatrice;D'Angelo, Valentina;Rubini, Andrea
外生菌根真菌Tuber magnatum生产的白色松露因其独特的香味而受到全世界的赞赏。对于其他Tuber spp。经济利益，T。magnatum的地理范围较窄。事实上，该物种长期以来一直被认为是意大利的特有物种。然而，在过去的几十年里，有几份报告记录了白色松露在不同的地中海国家，特别是在东南欧的各个地区的存在。在这项研究中，从几个潘诺尼亚和巴尔干半岛的国家，如匈牙利，塞尔维亚，罗马尼亚，保加利亚和希腊的样本已被收集和基因型与微卫星标记和数据合并与意大利人口。我们的目标是测试意大利和东南欧人群是否分化，并评估T的遗传多样性。magnatum遍布其分布范围。我们展示了T. magnatum种群分化为四个主要群体：北方意大利，中北方意大利，南部意大利和巴尔干半岛的/潘诺尼亚地区。本研究使我们能够细化T. magnatum，并追踪该物种可能的冰后扩张路线。T. magnatum的遗传结构不仅具有科学意义，而且对于这种享有盛誉的真菌的保护和市场可追溯性也很重要。
The ectomycorrhizal fungus Tuber magnatum produces the white truffle appreciated worldwide for its unique aroma. With respect to other Tuber spp. of economic interest, T. magnatum presents a narrower geographical range. This species has, in fact, long been considered endemic to Italy. However, over the last few decades several reports have documented the presence of white truffles in different Mediterranean countries and in particular in various areas of south-east Europe. In this study, samples from several Pannonian and Balkan countries such as Hungary, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece have been collected and genotyped with microsatellite markers and the data merged with those available for Italian populations. Our objectives were to test whether Italian and south-east European populations are differentiated and to evaluate the genetic diversity of T. magnatum all over its distributional range. We show the genetic structure of T. magnatum populations with the differentiation of four main groups: northern Italy, central-northern Italy, southern Italy and the Balkan/Pannonian region. The present study allowed us to refine the evolutionary history of T. magnatum and track the possible post-glacial expansion route of this species. The assessment of T. magnatum's genetic structure is not only of scientific relevance, but it is also important for the conservation and market traceability of this prestigious fungus.