Shy birds play it safe: personality in captivity predicts risk responsiveness during reproduction in the wild
Shy birds play it safe: personality in captivity predicts risk responsiveness during reproduction in the wild
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DOI：
10.1098/rsbl.2014.0178
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发表时间：
2014-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Quinn, John L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cole, Ella F.;Quinn, John L.
尽管有越来越多的证据将人格与生活史的变化和适应性联系起来，但人们对这些关系背后的行为机制仍然知之甚少。一个被认为发挥关键作用的机制是个体如何应对风险。相对被动和主动（或害羞和大胆）的性格类型在如何管理生产力和生存之间的内在权衡方面有所不同，大胆的人更倾向于冒险，生存概率更低，而害羞的人则采取更规避风险的策略。在大山雀（Parus major）中，羞怯-大胆的性格轴在圈养中得到了很好的表征，并与健康有关。在这里，我们测试了“探索行为”，一种对害羞-大胆轴的圈养分析，是否可以预测野生大山雀繁殖过程中的风险反应。相对缓慢探索（害羞）的雌鸟比快速探索（大胆）的雌鸟在一个代表未知威胁的新物体附着在它们的巢箱上后需要更长的时间才能恢复孵化，一些害羞的个体在40分钟的试验期内没有回来。个体的风险反应在数天内是一致的。这些发现提供了罕见的实地实验证据，表明害羞的个体优先考虑生存而不是生殖投资，支持了性格通过与风险反应能力的联系反映生活史变化的假设。
Despite a growing body of evidence linking personality to life-history variation and fitness, the behavioural mechanisms underlying these relationships remain poorly understood. One mechanism thought to play a key role is how individuals respond to risk. Relatively reactive and proactive (or shy and bold) personality types are expected to differ in how they manage the inherent trade-off between productivity and survival, with bold individuals being more risk-prone with lower survival probability, and shy individuals adopting a more risk-averse strategy. In the great tit (Parus major), the shy-bold personality axis has been well characterized in captivity and linked to fitness. Here, we tested whether 'exploration behaviour', a captive assay of the shy-bold axis, can predict risk responsiveness during reproduction in wild great tits. Relatively slow-exploring (shy) females took longer than fast-exploring (bold) birds to resume incubation after a novel object, representing an unknown threat, was attached to their nest-box, with some shy individuals not returning within the 40 min trial period. Risk responsiveness was consistent within individuals over days. These findings provide rare, field-based experimental evidence that shy individuals prioritize survival over reproductive investment, supporting the hypothesis that personality reflects life-history variation through links with risk responsiveness.