Employer-Reported Access to Paid Parental Leave: A study of San Francisco's Paid Parental Leave Ordinance.
Employer-Reported Access to Paid Parental Leave: A study of San Francisco's Paid Parental Leave Ordinance.
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雇主报告的带薪育儿假的获得情况：对旧金山带薪育儿假条例的研究。
DOI：
10.1016/j.ssmph.2020.100627
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dow,WilliamH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Goodman,JuliaM;Elser,Holly;Dow,WilliamH
背景越来越多的研究发现，带薪休假政策对工人及其家庭具有显着的人口健康益处，但美国缺乏全国性带薪休假政策，导致大多数工人无法享受任何带薪休假。 2017年，旧金山实施了全国首个带薪休假政策，要求受保雇主提供最多六周的带薪休假来照顾新生儿。我们研究的目的是探讨《旧金山带薪育婴假条例》(PPLO) 如何影响带薪休假的获得，包括低工资行业工人的带薪休假。方法：我们于 2018 年（即 PPLO 生效的次年）对湾区雇主进行了调查。我们利用双重差分模型估算了旧金山实施 PPLO 前后与周边县相比，带薪休假情况变化的情况。结果：旧金山企业的带薪休假比例从 2016 年的 45% 增加到实施 PPLO 后的 79%。这明显高于周边县从 32% 到 47% 的增幅 (p < 0.05)。低工资公司的合规性最低（67%）。我们发现自我报告对雇主产生负面影响的证据极少。总体而言，82% 的公司支持 PPLO。结论：旧金山的经验证明了利用当地政策增加育儿假机会的可行性。
BackgroundA growing body of research finds that paid leave policies have significant population health benefits for workers and their families, but the lack of a national paid leave policy in the United States leaves most workers without access to any paid leave. In 2017 San Francisco implemented the nation's first fully paid leave policy, mandating that covered employers provide up to six weeks of leave to care for a new child. The objective of our study is to examine how the San Francisco Paid Parental Leave Ordinance (PPLO) affected paid leave access, including among workers in low-wage industries.Methods: We surveyed Bay Area employers in 2018, the year after PPLO took effect. We estimated difference-in-differences models of changes in access to paid leave before versus after implementation of the PPLO in San Francisco compared to surrounding counties.Results:Availability of paid leave in San Francisco firms increased from 45% in 2016 to 79% following implementation of the PPLO. This is significantly more (p < 0.05) than the increase from 32% to 47% in surrounding counties. Compliance was lowest (67%) among low-wage firms. We found minimal evidence of self-reported negative effects on employers. Overall, 82% of firms supported the PPLO.Conclusions:San Francisco's experience demonstrates the feasibility of using local policy to increase parental leave access.