The thrill of victory, the complexity of defeat: self-esteem and people's emotional reactions to success and failure.
The thrill of victory, the complexity of defeat: self-esteem and people's emotional reactions to success and failure.
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.68.4.712
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发表时间：
1995-04
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Jonathon D. Brown;Keith A. Dutton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jonathon D. Brown;Keith A. Dutton
低自尊者被认为对失败的情绪反应比高自尊者更强烈，但这一假设并未得到一致的实证支持。在本文中，作者报告了两项调查，发现这类自尊差异在直接涉及自我的情绪（如骄傲、羞辱）中存在，但在不直接涉及自我的情绪（如快乐、不快乐）中不存在。其他证据表明，这种情况的出现部分是因为低自尊者过度泛化了失败的负面含义。文章还探讨了这些发现对理解自尊的本质和功能的相关性。
Low self-esteem people are assumed to have more severe emotional reactions to failure than are high self-esteem people, but this assumption has not received consistent empirical support. In this article the authors report 2 investigations that found that self-esteem differences of this sort emerge for emotions that directly implicate the self (e.g., pride, humiliation) but not for emotions that do not directly implicate the self (e.g., happiness, unhappiness). Additional evidence suggested that this occurs, in part, because low self-esteem people overgeneralize the negative implications of failure. The relevance of these findings for understanding the nature and functions of self-esteem is considered.