Are there effects of intrauterine cocaine exposure on delinquency during early adolescence? A preliminary report.
Are there effects of intrauterine cocaine exposure on delinquency during early adolescence? A preliminary report.
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DOI：
10.1097/dbp.0b013e318218d9f2
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发表时间：
2011-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Frank DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gerteis J;Chartrand M;Martin B;Cabral HJ;Rose-Jacobs R;Crooks D;Frank DA
在考虑了产前接触其他精神活性物质和相关心理社会因素后，确定宫内可卡因暴露(IUCE)水平是否与青少年早期犯罪行为有关。93名早期青少年(12.5-14.5岁)参加了一项关于IUCE的纵向研究，他们通过音频计算机辅助自我访谈(ACASI)报告了犯罪行为。IUCE水平和香烟、酒精和大麻的暴露通过母亲报告、母婴尿液检测和婴儿出生时的胎粪检测来确定。参与者在8.5岁、9.5岁、11岁和青春期早期在修订的儿童暴力暴露量表(VEX-R)上报告了他们接触暴力的情况，以及他们的照顾者在青春期早期的严格监督。在93名参与者中，24名(26%)报告了青春期早期的≥3犯罪行为。在最终的多变量模型中(包括宫内吸烟和香烟暴露水平、儿童期接触暴力、照顾者严格/监督)，≥3违法行为与宫内生活水平无显著关联，但与宫内每天半包或更多香烟暴露以及儿童时期较高水平的暴力暴露显著相关，在控制青少年早期暴力暴露后，影响基本不变。在这一队列中，前瞻性地确定产前吸烟和童年接触暴力与青春期早期自我报告的犯罪行为有关。与最初流行的预测相反，宫内可卡因并不是这个队列中青少年犯罪行为的强烈预测因素。
To ascertain whether level of intrauterine cocaine exposure (IUCE) is associated with early adolescent delinquent behavior, after accounting for prenatal exposures to other psychoactive substances and relevant psychosocial factors. Ninety-three early adolescents (12.5–14.5 years old) participating since birth in a longitudinal study of IUCE reported delinquent acts via an audio computer assisted self interview (ACASI). Level of IUCE and exposure to cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana were determined by maternal report, maternal and infant urine assays, and infant meconium assays at birth. Participants reported their exposure to violence on the Violence Exposure Scale for Children – Revised (VEX-R) at ages 8.5, 9.5, 11 years and during early adolescence, and the strictness of supervision by their caregivers during early adolescence. Of the 93 participants, 24 (26%) reported ≥3 delinquent behaviors during early adolescence. In the final multivariate model (including level of IUCE and cigarette exposure, childhood exposure to violence, and caregiver strictness/supervision) ≥ 3 delinquent behaviors were not significantly associated with level of IUCE but were significantly associated with intrauterine exposure to half a pack or more of cigarettes per day and higher levels of childhood exposure to violence, effects substantially unchanged after control for early adolescent violence exposure. In this cohort, prospectively ascertained prenatal exposure to cigarettes and childhood exposure to violence are associated with self-reported delinquent behaviors during early adolescence. Contrary to initial popular predictions, intrauterine cocaine is not a strong predictor of adolescent delinquent behaviors in this cohort.