Are drug experimenters better adjusted than abstainers and users?: a longitudinal study of adolescent marijuana use.
Are drug experimenters better adjusted than abstainers and users?: a longitudinal study of adolescent marijuana use.
复制标题
药物实验者是否比戒毒者和使用者更好地适应？：青少年大麻使用的纵向研究。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.03.012
复制
发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Klein,DavidJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tucker,JoanS;Ellickson,PhyllisL;Collins,RebeccaL;Klein,DavidJ
在青春期，尝试使用物质是正常的，先前的研究表明，不尝试的青少年可能心理失调。这项纵向研究比较了终生戒烟者(n=1177人)、实验者(n=873人)和经常吸食者(n=205人)在青春期后期和青年时期的心理社会功能。方法1985年(7年级)从中学招募参与者，并重复评估，包括1990年(12年级)和1995年(23岁)。自我报告调查评估了12年级的终生物质使用情况，以及12年级和23岁的心理社会功能。结果青少年戒烟者在学校投入、家庭和同伴关系、心理健康和越轨行为方面通常比同时和以后生活中经常吸食大麻的实验者和经常吸食者表现得更好(而不是更差)。在对青少年“戒烟者”定义的辅助分析中也发现了类似的结果，该定义也解释了吸烟和饮酒的原因。结论结果驳斥了戒毒青少年不适应的观点，相反，他们在成年后向青春期的过渡期间表现得比实验者更好。
PURPOSEExperimentation with substance use is normative during adolescence and prior research suggests that adolescents who refrain from experimentation may be psychologically maladjusted. This longitudinal study compared lifetime marijuana abstainers (n = 1177), experimenters (n = 873), and frequent users (n = 205) at grade 12 on psychosocial functioning during late adolescence and young adulthood.METHODSParticipants were recruited from middle schools in 1985 (grade 7) and assessed repeatedly, including in 1990 (grade 12) and 1995 (age 23). Self-report surveys assessed lifetime substance use at grade 12, and psychosocial functioning at grade 12 and age 23. Group differences after controlling for key demographics were estimated using multivariate logistic regression and analysis of covariance.RESULTSAdolescent abstainers from marijuana often fared better (and in no case worse) than experimenters and frequent users both concurrently and later in life on school engagement, family and peer relations, mental health, and deviant behavior. Similar results were found in ancillary analyses using a definition of adolescent “abstainer” that also accounted for cigarette and alcohol use.CONCLUSIONSResults refute the idea that adolescents who abstain from substance use are maladjusted, and suggest instead that they function better than experimenters later in life, during the transition to young adulthood.