Quasiparticle number fluctuations in superconductors
Quasiparticle number fluctuations in superconductors
复制标题
超导体中的准粒子数涨落
DOI：
10.1103/physrevb.69.094524
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
D. Prober
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Christopher Wilson;D. Prober
我们提出了超导体中准粒子数波动的一般理论。该理论使用主方程的形式主义。首先，我们发展了一个单一职业变量的理论。虽然这个简单的系统不足以描述物理超导体中的波动，但它是说明性的，允许这个讨论作为一个独立的介绍。我们继续发展一个多元理论，允许任意数量的关卡和任意大小的关卡之间的转换。我们针对两种特殊情况专门研究多元理论。首先，我们考虑本征准粒子涨落。在之前的一篇文章中，这些结果被用来描述超导铝盒中热力学波动的时间分辨测量[C.M.]Wilson， L. Frunzio和D.E. Prober，物理学家。[j].科学通报，2004,(1)。最后，我们将这些结果扩展到包括由外在损失过程引起的波动。
We present a general theory of quasiparticle number fluctuations in superconductors. The theory uses the master equation formalism. First, we develop the theory for a single occupation variable. Although this simple system is insufficient to describe fluctuations in a physical superconductor, it is illustrative, allowing this discussion to serve as a self-contained introduction. We go on to develop a multivariate theory that allows for an arbitrary number of levels with transitions of arbitrary size between levels. We specialize the multivariate theory for two particular cases. First, we consider intrinsic quasiparticle fluctuations. In a previous Letter, these results were used to describe time-resolved measurements of thermodynamic fluctuations in a superconducting Al box [C.M. Wilson, L. Frunzio, and D.E. Prober, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 067004 (2001)]. Finally, we extend these results to include fluctuations due to extrinsic loss processes.