The lateral line confers evolutionarily derived sleep loss in the Mexican cavefish
The lateral line confers evolutionarily derived sleep loss in the Mexican cavefish
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DOI：
10.1242/jeb.145128
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Keene, Alex C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jaggard, James;Robinson, Beatriz G.;Keene, Alex C.
睡眠是几乎所有动物都表现出的一种基本行为，这一过程的中断与一系列生理和行为缺陷有关。睡眠是由感觉门控的变化来定义的，这些变化减少了对大脑的感觉输入，但人们对睡眠和感觉处理之间相互作用的神经基础知之甚少。盲墨西哥洞穴鱼包括一个现存的表面居住形式和29洞穴变种，独立发展的mechanoreceptive侧线neuromasts和收敛的睡眠丧失的进化数量增加。消融侧线增强睡眠的Pachon洞穴鱼人口，这表明，提高感官输入的基础上进化衍生的睡眠丧失。有针对性的侧线消融和行为分析将Pacho 'n洞穴鱼中促进觉醒的神经瘤定位到躯干和颅骨区域的浅层神经瘤。引人注目的是，侧线消融并没有影响其他四个洞穴鱼类种群的睡眠，这表明不同的神经机制调节独立衍生的洞穴鱼类种群的睡眠丧失的演变。洞穴鱼类的食物供应会随季节变化，这就增加了睡眠的感觉调节受代谢状态影响的可能性。我们发现，饥饿促进Pacho'n洞穴鱼的睡眠，并没有增强侧线消融，这表明睡眠的感觉和代谢调节之间发生的功能相互作用。总之，这些发现支持了一个模型，即感觉加工有助于根据食物供应调节睡眠的进化衍生变化。
Sleep is an essential behavior exhibited by nearly all animals, and disruption of this process is associated with an array of physiological and behavioral deficits. Sleep is defined by changes in sensory gating that reduce sensory input to the brain, but little is known about the neural basis for interactions between sleep and sensory processing. Blind Mexican cavefish comprise an extant surface dwelling form and 29 cave morphs that have independently evolved increased numbers of mechanoreceptive lateral line neuromasts and convergent evolution of sleep loss. Ablation of the lateral line enhanced sleep in the Pachon cavefish population, suggesting that heightened sensory input underlies evolutionarily derived sleep loss. Targeted lateral line ablation and behavioral analysis localized the wake-promoting neuromasts in Pacho'n cavefish to superficial neuromasts of the trunk and cranial regions. Strikingly, lateral line ablation did not affect sleep in four other cavefish populations, suggesting that distinct neural mechanisms regulate the evolution of sleep loss in independently derived cavefish populations. Cavefish are subject to seasonal changes in food availability, raising the possibility that sensory modulation of sleep is influenced by metabolic state. We found that starvation promotes sleep in Pacho'n cavefish, and is not enhanced by lateral line ablation, suggesting that functional interactions occur between sensory and metabolic regulation of sleep. Taken together, these findings support a model where sensory processing contributes to evolutionarily derived changes in sleep that are modulated in accordance with food availability.