Autism Spectrum Disorder Among US Children (2002-2010): Socioeconomic, Racial, and Ethnic Disparities
Autism Spectrum Disorder Among US Children (2002-2010): Socioeconomic, Racial, and Ethnic Disparities
复制标题
DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2017.304032
复制
发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Durkin, Maureen S.;Maenner, Matthew J.;Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn
目标.描述2002年至2010年期间美国社会经济地位（SES）指标与自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患病率之间的关联，当时儿童中ASD的总体患病率增加了一倍以上，并确定SES差异是否解释了ASD患病率的持续种族和民族差异。我们根据基于人群的监测、人口普查和调查数据计算ASD患病率和95%置信区间（CI）。我们使用地区教育、收入和贫困指标来定义SES类别。在1308641名8岁儿童中，有13396名儿童被确诊为ASD。在每个监测年中，在白色、黑人和西班牙裔儿童中，ASD的患病率随着SES的增加而增加。随着时间的推移，高和低社会经济地位组之间的患病率差异相对恒定（2002年为3.9/1000 [95% CI = 3.3，4.5]，2006-2010年为4.1/1000 [95% CI = 3.6，4.6]）。通过SES分层后，ASD患病率仍存在显著的种族/民族差异。根据美国监测数据，2002年至2010年期间ASD患病率的正SES梯度普遍存在，在此期间，低SES儿童的患病率存在种族和民族差异。
Objectives. To describe the association between indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) and the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the United States during the period 2002 to 2010, when overall ASD prevalence among children more than doubled, and to determine whether SES disparities account for ongoing racial and ethnic disparities in ASD prevalence.Methods. We computed ASD prevalence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) from population-based surveillance, census, and survey data. We defined SES categories by using area-level education, income, and poverty indicators. We ascertained ASD in 13 396 of 1 308 641 8-year-old children under surveillance.Results. The prevalence of ASD increased with increasing SES during each surveillance year among White, Black, and Hispanic children. The prevalence difference between high- and low-SES groups was relatively constant over time (3.9/1000 [95% CI = 3.3, 4.5] in 2002 and 4.1/1000 [95% CI = 3.6, 4.6] in the period 2006-2010). Significant racial/ethnic differences in ASD prevalence remained after stratification by SES.Conclusions. A positive SES gradient in ASD prevalence according to US surveillance data prevailed between 2002 and 2010, and racial and ethnic disparities in prevalence persisted during this time among low-SES children.