Tuberculosis and noncommunicable diseases: neglected links and missed opportunities
Tuberculosis and noncommunicable diseases: neglected links and missed opportunities
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DOI：
10.1183/09031936.00084310
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
24.3
通讯作者：
Loennroth, K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Creswell, J.;Raviglione, M.;Loennroth, K.
在全球范围内，结核病的发病率正在缓慢下降，而许多国家的非传染性疾病负担正在稳步增加。一些非传染性疾病，如糖尿病、酒精使用障碍和吸烟相关病症，在全球结核病病例中占很大比例，在欧洲区域，结核病的可归因于比例高于艾滋病毒。需要采取具体步骤来解决非传染性疾病及其风险因素。我们回顾了已发表的涉及结核病和非传染性疾病的研究，并对它们之间的联系、对病例发现和管理的影响以及如何通过整合服务加强预防工作进行了回顾和讨论。这些非传染性疾病使患者患结核病的风险增加，并使其面临治疗结果不佳的风险。然而，它们也提供了一个机会，可以通过增加病例发现活动、改进临床管理和更好地获得结核病和非传染性疾病的护理来提供更好的护理。加强这类活动可能有助于加速全球结核病发病率的下降。
Globally, the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) is declining very slowly, and the noncommunicable disease (NCD) burden for many countries is steadily increasing. Several NCDs, such as diabetes mellitus, alcohol use disorders and smoking-related conditions, are responsible for a significant proportion of TB cases globally, and in the European region, represent a larger attributable fraction for TB disease than HIV. Concrete steps are needed to address NCDs and their risk factors. We reviewed published studies involving TB and NCDs, and present a review and discussion of how they are linked, the implications for case detection and management, and how prevention efforts may be strengthened by integration of services. These NCDs put patients at increased risk for developing TB and at risk for poor treatment outcomes. However, they also present an opportunity to provide better care through increased case-detection activities, improved clinical management and better access to care for both TB and NCDs. Hastening the global decline in TB incidence may be assisted by strengthening these types of activities.