Opportunities and Challenges for Personal Heat Exposure Research.
Opportunities and Challenges for Personal Heat Exposure Research.
复制标题
个人热暴露研究的机会和挑战。
DOI：
10.1289/ehp556
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发表时间：
2017-08-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Hondula DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuras ER;Richardson MB;Calkins MM;Ebi KL;Hess JJ;Kintziger KW;Jagger MA;Middel A;Scott AA;Spector JT;Uejio CK;Vanos JK;Zaitchik BF;Gohlke JM;Hondula DM
环境热暴露是一个公共卫生问题。环境热对人口规模的死亡率和发病率的影响有很好的记录，但对个人经历的具体暴露却知之甚少。这项工作的第一个目标是促进个人热暴露信息在研究和风险评估中的作用的讨论。第二个目标是提供有关个人热暴露研究方法的可操作性的指导。我们将个人热暴露定义为人与室内或室外环境之间的实际接触，这种接触会造成身体核心温度升高和/或感知不适的风险。个人热暴露可以直接用可穿戴监测器测量，也可以通过结合时间活动和气象数据集间接估计。可以从其他监测、调查、访谈、人种学方法以及其他社会和健康数据集收集补充信息，以了解行为、易感性以及健康和舒适结果的个体尺度驱动因素。个人暴露研究可以帮助揭示暴露错误分类的程度，当个人暴露于热估计使用在固定地点测量的环境温度，并可以提供有关极端高温的流行病学风险评估的见解。个人热暴露研究提供了更有效和准确的见解，人们多久遇到热条件，何时，何地，谁，以及为什么这些遭遇发生。迄今为止，关于个人热暴露的已发表文献有限，但现有研究指出，有机会为有关极端高温的公共卫生实践提供信息，特别是在需要精细精确度以减少热暴露的健康后果的情况下。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP556
Environmental heat exposure is a public health concern. The impacts of environmental heat on mortality and morbidity at the population scale are well documented, but little is known about specific exposures that individuals experience. The first objective of this work was to catalyze discussion of the role of personal heat exposure information in research and risk assessment. The second objective was to provide guidance regarding the operationalization of personal heat exposure research methods. We define personal heat exposure as realized contact between a person and an indoor or outdoor environment that poses a risk of increases in body core temperature and/or perceived discomfort. Personal heat exposure can be measured directly with wearable monitors or estimated indirectly through the combination of time–activity and meteorological data sets. Complementary information to understand individual-scale drivers of behavior, susceptibility, and health and comfort outcomes can be collected from additional monitors, surveys, interviews, ethnographic approaches, and additional social and health data sets. Personal exposure research can help reveal the extent of exposure misclassification that occurs when individual exposure to heat is estimated using ambient temperature measured at fixed sites and can provide insights for epidemiological risk assessment concerning extreme heat. Personal heat exposure research provides more valid and precise insights into how often people encounter heat conditions and when, where, to whom, and why these encounters occur. Published literature on personal heat exposure is limited to date, but existing studies point to opportunities to inform public health practice regarding extreme heat, particularly where fine-scale precision is needed to reduce health consequences of heat exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP556