Urban Malaria: Understanding its Epidemiology, Ecology, and Transmission Across Seven Diverse ICEMR Network Sites.
Urban Malaria: Understanding its Epidemiology, Ecology, and Transmission Across Seven Diverse ICEMR Network Sites.
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.14-0834
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Eapen A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wilson ML;Krogstad DJ;Arinaitwe E;Arevalo-Herrera M;Chery L;Ferreira MU;Ndiaye D;Mathanga DP;Eapen A
一个主要的公共卫生问题是，城市化是否会将疟疾从农村疾病转变为城市疾病。然而，城市环境、城市疟疾以及农村和城市地区之间的疟疾控制是否应有所不同的定义存在差异，这使得现有数据的分析和干预战略的制定变得复杂。本报告审查了国际疟疾研究卓越中心（ICEMR）在巴西、哥伦比亚、印度（钦奈和果阿）、马拉维、塞内加尔和乌干达的城市疟疾研究方法。其主要主题是需要确定城市地区确诊的病例是从周围农村地区输入的，还是在城市地区内传播的。如果感染是在城市地区获得的，那么疟疾控制措施必须针对这些城市地区才能有效。相反，如果疟疾病例是从农村地区输入的，则控制措施必须针对这些农村地区的病媒、滋生地和受感染者。如果感染是在城市地区获得的，则必须以不同的方式采取类似的干预措施。ICEMR对城市疟疾的方法的基本假设是，城市疟疾的最佳控制取决于准确的流行病学和昆虫学传播信息。
A major public health question is whether urbanization will transform malaria from a rural to an urban disease. However, differences about definitions of urban settings, urban malaria, and whether malaria control should differ between rural and urban areas complicate both the analysis of available data and the development of intervention strategies. This report examines the approach of the International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR) to urban malaria in Brazil, Colombia, India (Chennai and Goa), Malawi, Senegal, and Uganda. Its major theme is the need to determine whether cases diagnosed in urban areas were imported from surrounding rural areas or resulted from transmission within the urban area. If infections are being acquired within urban areas, malaria control measures must be targeted within those urban areas to be effective. Conversely, if malaria cases are being imported from rural areas, control measures must be directed at vectors, breeding sites, and infected humans in those rural areas. Similar interventions must be directed differently if infections were acquired within urban areas. The hypothesis underlying the ICEMR approach to urban malaria is that optimal control of urban malaria depends on accurate epidemiologic and entomologic information about transmission.