Trading Directional Accuracy for Realism in a Virtual Auditory Display
Trading Directional Accuracy for Realism in a Virtual Auditory Display
复制标题
在虚拟听觉显示中用方向准确性换取真实感
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Timothy Streeter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Shinn;I. Lin;Timothy Streeter
在虚拟听觉显示中，混响能量对于提示源距离和创造外化的声音（被认为来自听众的头部之外）很重要。即使在普通的小房间里，在虚拟听觉显示中添加混响的好处也很明显。虽然之前的研究表明，大量的混响能量会破坏语音的可理解性，降低定位的准确性，但在大多数在典型的小房间（如教室）进行或模拟的研究中，并没有观察到系统性的缺陷。此外，虽然过去的研究已经测量了虚拟听觉显示中的距离或方向感知，但对于这两个维度在变化时如何相互作用知之甚少。当前研究的双重目标是：1)通过让受试者同时判断距离和方向来增加任务要求（与只判断距离或方向相比）是否会干扰他们对每个维度的判断能力；2)一个刺激维度的值会影响听者对另一个维度的判断能力。结果表明，距离和方向的平均判断不受任务需求的影响。然而，当受试者必须同时判断距离和方向时，定位判断比只被要求判断一个维度时更加多变。这种“双重任务成本”对于距离判断比方向性判断更大。平均感知距离与源方向无关；然而，侧向震源的方向精度取决于震源距离：随着震源距离的增加，对震源侧向性的判断越来越偏向中线。这些结果表明，定向能力会随着包括少量混响（编码源距离所需的混响）而降低，并强调了在设计空间听觉显示时理解特定应用目标的重要性。当创建虚拟听觉显示时，方向精度直接与距离精度和真实感相权衡。
In a virtual auditory display, reverberant energy is important for cuing source distance and creating sounds that are externalized (perceived as coming from outside the listener’s head). The benefits of adding reverberation to a virtual auditory display are seen even for small levels of reverberant energy, like that in an ordinary, small room. While previous studies have shown that large amounts of reverberant energy can disrupt speech intelligibility and degrade localization accuracy, systematic deficits have not been observed in most studies conducted in or simulating typical small rooms, like classrooms. Moreover, while past studies have measured either distance or directional perception in virtual auditory displays, little is known about how these two dimensions interact when both vary. The dual goals of the current study were to see whether 1) increasing the task demands by having subjects simultaneously judge both distance and direction (compared to judging either distance or direction) interfered with their ability to judge each dimension, and 2) the value of one stimulus dimension affected how well listeners could judge the other dimension. Results show that mean judgments of distance and direction are independent of task demands. However, localization judgments are more variable if subjects must simultaneously judge distance and direction compared to when they are only asked to judge only one dimension. This “dual-task cost” is larger for distance judgments than for directional judgments. Mean perceived distance is independent of source direction; however, directional accuracy for lateral sources depends on the source distance: judgments of source laterality become increasingly more biased towards midline as source distance increases. These results show that directional abilities degrade with the inclusion of even modest amounts of reverberation (which are needed to encode source distance) and highlight the importance of understanding the goals of a particular application when designing a spatial auditory display. When creating a virtual auditory display, directional accuracy trades off directly with distance accuracy and realism.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Macpherson, EA;Middlebrooks, JC
通讯作者：
Middlebrooks, JC
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Zahorik, P
通讯作者：
Zahorik, P