Cortical area and species differences in dendritic spine morphology
Cortical area and species differences in dendritic spine morphology
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1024134312173
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发表时间：
2002-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yuste, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Benavides-Piccione, R;Ballesteros-Yáñez, I;Yuste, R
树突棘在新皮质接受最多的兴奋性输入，其形态非常多样。最近的证据表明，树突棘的大小和长度与其突触连接的重要特征和钙区划的时间常数之间存在线性关系。因此，树枝状刺的形态可以直接从功能上解释。我们试图探索不同地区和物种之间的脊柱形态是否存在潜在的差异，以反映潜在的功能差异。为此，我们从小鼠的颞叶和枕叶皮质以及人类的颞叶皮质的III层锥体神经元的基础树突中重建并测量了数千个树突棘。我们发现脊椎密度、脊椎头部大小和颈椎长度在不同地区和物种之间存在系统性差异。人类的脊椎系统地更大、更长，并且比小鼠的皮质以更高的密度存在。此外，小鼠的颞棘比小鼠的枕棘大。我们没有发现脊椎头部的大小和它的脖子长度之间的任何相关性。我们的数据表明，平均突触输入是根据大脑皮层面积的不同而不同的。我们讨论了这些发现对大脑皮层处理的常见算法的影响。
Dendritic spines receive most excitatory inputs in the neocortex and are morphologically very diverse. Recent evidence has demonstrated linear relationships between the size and length of dendritic spines and important features of its synaptic junction and time constants for calcium compartmentalisation. Therefore, the morphologies of dendritic spines can be directly interpreted functionally. We sought to explore whether there were potential differences in spine morphologies between areas and species that could reflect potential functional differences. For this purpose, we reconstructed and measured thousands of dendritic spines from basal dendrites of layer III pyramidal neurons from mouse temporal and occipital cortex and from human temporal cortex. We find systematic differences in spine densities, spine head size and spine neck length among areas and species. Human spines are systematically larger and longer and exist at higher densities than those in mouse cortex. Also, mouse temporal spines are larger than mouse occipital spines. We do not encounter any correlations between the size of the spine head and its neck length. Our data suggests that the average synaptic input is modulated according to cortical area and differs among species. We discuss the implications of these findings for common algorithms of cortical processing.