The association of self-reported neighborhood disorganization and social capital with adolescent alcohol and drug use, dependence, and access to treatment
The association of self-reported neighborhood disorganization and social capital with adolescent alcohol and drug use, dependence, and access to treatment
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.07.012
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Olsen, Yngvild
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Winstanley, Erin L.;Steinwachs, Donald M.;Olsen, Yngvild
目的：本研究考察了青少年对邻里混乱和社会资本的看法，以确定它们是否与青少年酒精或药物（AOD）使用、AOD依赖和获得AOD治疗有关。设计：这是对1999年和2000年全国药物使用和健康调查（NSDUH）数据的二次分析。NSDUH是一项横断面调查，对美国非机构人口进行随机抽样，并在受访者家中进行。参与者：年龄在12岁至17岁之间的青少年，样本规模为38,115人。测量方法：邻里无序性由青少年自行报告8个项目；10个项目测量社会资本。AOD的使用也是自我报告的。通过一系列与DSM-IV中规定的标准一致的关于症状和损害的问题来评估AOD依赖性。结果：略多于一半的青少年报告从未使用酒精或药物（54.3%），41.1%报告终生使用AOD， 4.6%报告AOD依赖。2%的人接受了AOD治疗。中高社会资本水平与AOD使用和依赖呈负相关。社会资本与获得AOD治疗无关。社区混乱与AOD使用、依赖和获得治疗呈正相关。结论：在控制了个体和家庭层面的特征后，社区解体和社会资本与AOD的使用和依赖相关。研究结果表明，社会背景的主观测量可能是青少年AOD成瘾和治疗利用的复杂生物心理社会模型的重要组成部分。2007爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司版权所有。
Aims: This research examines adolescent perceptions of neighborhood disorganization and social capital to determine if they are associated with adolescent alcohol or drug (AOD) use, AOD dependence, and access to AOD treatment.Design: This is a secondary analysis of data from the 1999 and 2000 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). The NSDUH is a cross-sectional survey of a random sample of the non-institutionalized United States population and is conducted in respondents' homes.Participants: Youth between the ages of 12 and 17, yielding a sample size of 38,115 respondents.Measurements: Neighborhood disorganization was self-reported by youth in response to eight items; 10 items measured social capital. AOD use was also self-reported. AOD dependence was assessed by a series of questions regarding symptoms and impairment that is consistent with the criteria specified in the DSM-IV.Results: A little more than half of the youth reported never using alcohol or drugs (54.3%), 41.1% reported lifetime AOD use, and 4.6% were AOD dependent. Two percent reported receiving AOD treatment. Medium and high levels of social capital were negatively associated with AOD use and dependence. Social capital was unrelated to access to AOD treatment. Neighborhood disorganization was positively associated with AOD use, dependence, and access to treatment.Conclusions: After controlling for individual- and family-level characteristics, neighborhood disorganization and social capital were associated with AOD use and dependence. The findings suggest that subjective measures of social context may be an important component of the complex biopsychosocial model of adolescent AOD addiction and treatment utilization. ((C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.