Impaired decision making related to working memory deficits in individuals with substance addictions
Impaired decision making related to working memory deficits in individuals with substance addictions
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DOI：
10.1037/0894-4105.18.1.152
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Martin, EM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bechara, A;Martin, EM
这项研究考察了物质依赖(ISDS)个体在工作记忆方面是否表现出损害，以及他们在决策方面的损害(用赌博任务(GT)范式衡量)和工作记忆(用延迟不匹配到样本(DNMS)任务衡量)之间是否存在关系。使用GT，11%的健康对照组参与者和61%的ISDS选择了立即获得高收益的选择，尽管未来的损失更高。对于具有相同GT损伤的ISDS和对照组，ISDS在DNMS任务上的表现显著低于对照组，而GT上未受损的ISDS在DNMS任务上的表现也显著低于匹配的对照组。ISDS的DNMS任务缺陷在所有延迟时间中都存在，这表明缺陷可能存在于工作记忆的“执行”过程中，这支持了先前的发现(E.M.Martin等人，2003年)。作者认为，前额叶皮质拥有多种不同的决策和抑制控制机制，ISDS可能受到其中任何一种机制的影响，也可能受到它们的组合影响。
This study examined whether individuals with substance dependence (ISDs) show impairments in working memory and whether there is a relationship between their impairments in decision making as measured by the gambling task (GT) paradigm and working memory as measured by a delayed nonmatching to sample (DNMS) task. Using the GT, 11% of healthy control participants and 61% of ISDs opted for choices with high immediate gains in spite of higher future losses. For the ISDs and controls with equal GT impairments, the ISDs performed significantly lower than controls on the DNMS task, The nonimpaired ISDs on the GT also performed significantly worse than matched controls on the DNMS task. The DNMS task deficit in ISDs was across all delay times, suggesting the deficit may lie in the "executive" process of working memory, which supports earlier findings (E. M. Martin et al., 2003). The authors suggest that the prefrontal cortex hosts multiple distinct mechanisms of decision making and inhibitory control and that ISDs may be affected in any one or combination of them.