Aquaporins in Edema
Aquaporins in Edema
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_19
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发表时间：
2023-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Yang，Baoxue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li，Nannan;Ying，Yi;Yang，Baoxue
水电解质失衡的最普遍的指征之一是水肿。水通道蛋白（Aquaporins，AQP）是一类具有水通道功能的蛋白质家族。渗透调节和体内水分平衡依赖于水通道蛋白的调节。人类肾脏含有9种AQPs，其中5种已被证明在体内水平衡中发挥作用：AQP1，AQP2，AQP3，AQP4和AQP7。水失衡与AQP功能障碍有关。AQP水平升高的低钠血症可伴随水肿，其可由具有低有效循环血容量和全身血管舒张的病症引起，例如充血性心力衰竭（CHF）、肝硬化或抗利尿激素分泌不正确综合征（SIADH）。在CHF中，AQP2表达和靶向的上调对于保水是至关重要的。AQP2还参与异常水潴留和肝硬化腹水的形成。此外，SIADH中的水潴留和低钠血症是由集合管中AQP2表达增加引起的。液体限制、地美环素和加压素2型受体拮抗剂被广泛用于治疗水肿。水通道蛋白与水肿的关系在本章中进行了讨论。
One of the most prevalent indications of water–electrolyte imbalance is edema. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a protein family that can function as water channels. Osmoregulation and body water homeostasis are dependent on the regulation of AQPs. Human kidneys contain nine AQPs, five of which have been demonstrated to have a role in body water balance: AQP1, AQP2, AQP3, AQP4, and AQP7. Water imbalance is connected with AQP dysfunction. Hyponatremia with elevated AQP levels can accompany edema, which can be caused by disorders with low effective circulating blood volume and systemic vasodilation, such as congestive heart failure (CHF), hepatic cirrhosis, or the syndrome of incorrect antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH). In CHF, upregulation of AQP2 expression and targeting is critical for water retention. AQP2 is also involved in aberrant water retention and the formation of ascites in cirrhosis of the liver. Furthermore, water retention and hyponatremia in SIADH are caused by increased expression of AQP2 in the collecting duct. Fluid restriction, demeclocycline, and vasopressin type-2 receptor antagonists are widely utilized to treat edema. The relationship between AQPs and edema is discussed in this chapter.