On the Intended and Unintended Consequences of Enhanced US Border and Interior Immigration Enforcement: Evidence From Mexican Deportees
On the Intended and Unintended Consequences of Enhanced US Border and Interior Immigration Enforcement: Evidence From Mexican Deportees
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DOI：
10.1007/s13524-014-0340-7
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Pozo, Susan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina;Pozo, Susan
大约自2000年以来，美国实施了若干联邦和州政策，以遏制非法移民的流动。在这篇文章中，我们专注于两个举措：（1）操作精简，作为一个例子，增加边境执法的联邦政府;和（2）州一级的综合移民法，作为一个例子，加强内部执法的州政府。我们调查这些政策是否减少了被驱逐出境的墨西哥移民企图新的未经授权的过境的意图。虽然州一级的综合移民法减少了打算尝试新过境点的被驱逐者的比例，但事实证明，加强边境执法的效果要差得多。此外，我们确定与这些政策相关的人力成本。我们在这方面的调查结果喜忧参半。值得注意的是，采取更严格的国内执法似乎会产生“羊群”或“结伙”效应，即随着颁布此类措施的国家数量的增加，言语和身体虐待的发生率也随之上升。此外，我们的估计表明，被驱逐者更有可能回应说，由于加强了边境执法，他们冒着生命危险进入美国。
Since about 2000, a number of federal and state policies have been implemented in the United States with the intention of stemming the flow of illegal immigration. In this article, we focus on two initiatives: (1) Operation Streamline, as an example of increased border enforcement by the federal government; and (2) state-level omnibus immigration laws, as an illustration of enhanced interior enforcement by state governments. We investigate whether these policies have reduced the intentions of deported Mexican immigrants to attempt a new unauthorized crossing. Although state-level omnibus immigration laws reduce the proportion of deportees intending to attempt a new crossing, increased border enforcement has proven to be far less effective. In addition, we ascertain the human costs associated with these policies. Our findings are mixed in this regard. Noteworthy is how the adoption of more stringent interior enforcement seems to result in a "herding" or "ganging-up" effect, whereby the incidence of verbal and physical abuse rises with the number of states enacting such measures. Additionally, our estimates suggest that deportees are more likely to respond that they have risked their lives to cross into the United States as a result of enhanced border enforcement.