Experiences of discrimination reported by Turkish, Moroccan and Bangladeshi Muslims in three European cities
Experiences of discrimination reported by Turkish, Moroccan and Bangladeshi Muslims in three European cities
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DOI：
10.1080/13691830802211166
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Bruess, Joachim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bruess, Joachim
本调查探讨了三个欧洲城市对穆斯林的歧视。对歧视的经历和看法与欧洲国家的移民历史、欧洲穆斯林的政治安排、对接收社会的结构和文化的参与有关，特别是自2001年9月11日美国发生袭击事件以来，欧洲城市对穆斯林的看法。考虑到消除种族歧视委员会和《消除一切形式种族歧视国际公约》的努力是一种自上而下的方法，本文采取的补充方法是通过自下而上的方法审查受害者的观点，并研究遭受歧视者的看法。我的研究样本包括来自柏林的土耳其穆斯林（n=225），来自伦敦的孟加拉穆斯林（n=135）和来自马德里的摩洛哥穆斯林（n=203），他们在2004年7月至12月之间接受了采访。土耳其和摩洛哥穆斯林经常说，他们属于受歧视的少数群体;孟加拉国穆斯林认为自己很少受到歧视，尽管相当多的年轻孟加拉国穆斯林认为自己受到歧视。此外，我还研究了导致歧视增加的因素。多元逻辑回归分析的结果表明，日常经历，如被警察拦下，言语攻击，或在公共场合不尊重的待遇，特别是增加了一个自称属于歧视的少数民族的可能性。
This investigation explores discrimination against Muslims in three European cities. Experiences and perceptions of discrimination are related to the histories of immigration in European countries, political arrangements for Muslims in Europe, participation in the structure and culture of receiving societies, andespecially since the attacks on 11 September 2001 in the USperceptions of Muslims in European cities. Considering the efforts of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) and the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD) to be a top-down method, the complementary approach taken in this paper is to examine the victim's perspective via a bottom-up method and to study the perceptions of those who suffer discrimination. The sample for my study consists of Turkish Muslims from Berlin (n=225), Bangladeshi Muslims from London (n=135) and Moroccan Muslims from Madrid (n=203) who were interviewed between July and December 2004. Turkish and Moroccan Muslims often said that they belong to a minority that is discriminated against; Bangladeshi Muslims regarded themselves as much less often discriminated against, though significant numbers of younger Bangladeshi Muslims perceived themselves as subject to discrimination. In addition, I examine factors that lead to an increase in perceived discrimination. Results from multiple logistic regression analysis indicate that everyday experiencessuch as being stopped by the police, verbal attacks, or disrespectful treatment in publicparticularly increase the likelihood of one claiming to belong to a minority that is discriminated against.