Physical modeling of tsunamis generated by three-dimensional deformable granular landslides
Physical modeling of tsunamis generated by three-dimensional deformable granular landslides
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DOI：
10.1029/2011jc007850
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发表时间：
2012-11-15
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Fritz, Hermann M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mohammed, Fahad;Fritz, Hermann M.
基于广义弗劳德相似性，在三维海啸波盆地中对可变形颗粒滑坡引发的海啸进行了物理模拟。采用新型气动滑坡发生器控制滑坡的动态冲击特性。波的振幅，周期和波长与滑坡参数的影响与滑坡弗劳德数是一个主导参数。撞击时滑坡动能的1%至15%转化为波列能量。波的振幅衰减在径向和角度方向上从滑坡轴。第一波峰主要以接近孤立波速度的理论近似的速度行进。测得的海啸波剖面的非线性振荡或非线性过渡类型，主要取决于滑坡弗劳德数和相对滑动厚度的影响。所产生的波浪范围从浅水到深水深度区域，其中大部分处于中间水深区域。波的特性进行了比较，与其他二维和三维滑坡海啸的研究和结果进行了讨论。
Tsunamis generated by deformable granular landslides are physically modeled in a three-dimensional tsunami wave basin based on the generalized Froude similarity. The dynamic landslide impact characteristics were controlled by means of a novel pneumatic landslide generator. The wave amplitudes, periods, and wavelengths are related to the landslide parameters at impact with the landslide Froude number being a dominant parameter. Between 1 and 15% of the landslide kinetic energy at impact is converted into the wave train energy. The wave amplitudes decay in radial and angular directions from the landslide axis. The first wave crest mostly travels with speeds close to the theoretical approximation of the solitary wave speed. The measured tsunami wave profiles were either of the nonlinear oscillatory or nonlinear transition type depending primarily on the landslide Froude number and relative slide thickness at impact. The generated waves range from shallow to deep water depth regimes, with the majority being in the intermediate water depth regime. Wave characteristics are compared with other two- and three-dimensional landslide tsunami studies and the results are discussed.