Physicochemical and toxicological evaluation of silica nanoparticles suitable for food and consumer products collected by following the EC recommendation
Physicochemical and toxicological evaluation of silica nanoparticles suitable for food and consumer products collected by following the EC recommendation
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DOI：
10.1007/s00216-015-9101-8
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Lucas, Stephane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Contado, Catia;Mejia, Jorge;Lucas, Stephane
结合分析技术，获得了用作食品和个人护理产品添加剂的四种二氧化硅样品的粒度分布、团聚状态、形态和化学组成的具体信息。结合使用差示离心沉淀法、沉降场流动分级法以及扫描和透射电子显微镜(扫描和透射电子显微镜)，可以根据EC的定义将水分散的样品分类为纳米材料。比较了机械搅拌和超声波分散两种分散方法。颗粒表面化学成分由颗粒诱导X射线发射(PIXE)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)确定，评估了热解二氧化硅和沉淀二氧化硅之间的不同纯度水平，并强调了通过机械搅拌分散时外壳中颗粒表面化学成分的变化。采用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTS)比色法、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)释放量和半胱氨酸天冬氨酸氨基转移酶3/7(caspase3/7)活性测定方法研究二氧化硅对Caco-2细胞的潜在毒性作用。无论分散程序如何，均未观察到或有限地降低了细胞活力，这表明这些二氧化硅样品是相对无害的。
Specific information about the particle size distribution, agglomeration state, morphology, and chemical composition of four silica samples, used as additives in food and in personal care products, were achieved with a combination of analytical techniques. The combined use of differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS), sedimentation field flow fractionation (SdFFF), and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) allows to classify the water dispersed samples as "nanomaterials" according to the EC definition. The mechanical stirring and the ultrasound treatment were compared as dispersion methods. The particle surface chemical composition, determined by particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), assessed the different levels of purity between the pyrogenic and the precipitated silica and highlighted particle surface chemical composition modifications in the outer shell when dispersed by mechanical stirring. The potential toxic effects of silica on intestinal Caco-2 cells were investigated using MTS assay and by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and caspases 3/7 activity after 24 h of incubation. No or limited decrease of cell viability was observed for all particles regardless of dispersion procedure, suggesting a relative innocuity of these silica samples.