Green Synthesis of Anisotropic Gold Nanoparticles for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
Green Synthesis of Anisotropic Gold Nanoparticles for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
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DOI：
10.1021/am500302t
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发表时间：
2014-06-11
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
Menon, Deepthy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fazal, Sajid;Jayasree, Aswathy;Menon, Deepthy
已经探索了不同组成、尺寸、形状和结构的纳米颗粒用作癌症纳米医学领域中的光热剂。其中，金纳米粒子由于其在体内的生物相容性，为热消融提供了一个简单的平台。然而，这种金纳米粒子表现出合适的光热活性的性质的合成涉及使用有毒化学品作为封端剂的繁琐路线，这可能会引起体内的问题。在此，金纳米粒子，合成使用绿色化学路线具有近红外（NIR）吸收促进光热治疗，将是一个可行的替代方案。在这项研究中，各向异性的金纳米粒子的合成与可可提取物作为还原剂和稳定剂使用的水性路线。将所制备的金纳米颗粒进行密度梯度离心以使其在800-1000 nm波长范围内的NIR吸收最大化。当使用浓度高达200 μ g/mL的A431、MDA-MB 231、L929和NIH-3 T3细胞系进行体外测试时，颗粒也显示出良好的生物相容性。用800 nm的飞秒激光以6 W/cm（2）的低功率密度照射表皮样癌A431细胞后诱导的细胞死亡证明了绿色合成近红外吸收各向异性金纳米颗粒适用于癌细胞的光热消融。当使用计算机断层扫描（CT）进行测试时，这些金纳米颗粒也显示出良好的X射线对比度，证明了它们也可以用作造影剂。这是第一个报告绿色合成各向异性和细胞相容性的金纳米粒子没有任何封端剂和他们的适用性光热治疗。
Nanoparticles of varying composition, size, shape, and architecture have been explored for use as photothermal agents in the field of cancer nanomedicine. Among them, gold nanoparticles provide a simple platform for thermal ablation owing to its biocompatibility in vivo. However, the synthesis of such gold nanoparticles exhibiting suitable properties for photothermal activity involves cumbersome routes using toxic chemicals as capping agents, which can cause concerns in vivo. Herein, gold nanoparticles, synthesized using green chemistry routes possessing near-infrared (NIR) absorbance facilitating photothermal therapy, would be a viable alternative. In this study, anisotropic gold nanoparticles were synthesized using an aqueous route with cocoa extract which served both as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The as-prepared gold nanoparticles were subjected to density gradient centrifugation to maximize its NIR absorption in the wavelength range of 800-1000 nm. The particles also showed good biocompatibility when tested in vitro using A431, MDA-MB231, L929, and NIH-3T3 cell lines up to concentrations of 200 mu g/mL. Cell death induced in epidermoid carcinoma A431 cells upon irradiation with a femtosecond laser at 800 nm at a low power density of 6 W/cm(2) proved the suitability of green synthesized NIR absorbing anisotropic gold nanoparticles for photothermal ablation of cancer cells. These gold nanoparticles also showed good X-ray contrast when tested using computed tomography (CT), proving their feasibility for use as a contrast agent as well. This is the first report on green synthesized anisotropic and cytocompatible gold nanoparticles without any capping agents and their suitability for photothermal therapy.