THE VELOCITY OF REACTIONS IN GASES MOVING THROUGH HEATED VESSELS AND THE EFFECT OF CONVECTION AND DIFFUSION.
THE VELOCITY OF REACTIONS IN GASES MOVING THROUGH HEATED VESSELS AND THE EFFECT OF CONVECTION AND DIFFUSION.
复制标题
气体通过加热容器时的反应速度以及对流和扩散的影响。
DOI：
10.1021/ja01953a011
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发表时间：
1908
影响因子：
15
通讯作者：
I. Langmuir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
I. Langmuir
在过去的几年里，许多关于气体反应速度的研究都是以测定气体通过加热管时成分的变化为基础的。速度系数通常是通过应用为在静止气体中发生的反应而导出的公式来计算的。Bodenstein和Wolgast [1]最近指出，只有当气体完全通过管子而没有混合时，这种计算方法才是合理的。对于扩散或对流引起管内气体甚至部分混合的情况，它们表明通常的方法可能导致严重的误差。他们发展出了当气体的混合被认为是完全时成立的公式。这样，我们就有两个计算速度系数的公式，其中一个在没有混合时成立，另一个在完全混合时成立。然而，在任何一系列实验中，要确定这两个公式中哪一个能给出最准确的结果，唯一的方法是用这两个公式计算系数，然后选择给出“更好常数”的那个。该方法
Many of theinvestigations of the pastfew years, on the velocity of reactions in gases, have been based upon the determination of thechange in the composition of the gases while passing through heated tubes. The velocity coefficient has then usually been calculated by applying the formulas derived for reactions taking place in stationary gases. Bodenstein and Wolgast1 recently pointed out that this method of calculation is justifiable only when the gases pass through the tube en-tirely without mixing. For those cases where diffusion or convection has caused even partial mixing of the gases in the tube, they show that the usual method may lead to serious error. They develop formulas which hold when the mixing of the gases can be considered complete. We have then at our disposal, for the calculation of velocity coefficients, two formulas, one of which holds when there is no mixing and the other when there is completemixing. The only means, however, for determining which of the two formulas will give the most accurate results, in any series of experiments, is to calculate the coefficients by both formulas and then to choose that which gives the “better constant.” That this method