Secondary sex ratios and male lifespan: Damaged or culled cohorts
Secondary sex ratios and male lifespan: Damaged or culled cohorts
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0510567103
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发表时间：
2006-01-31
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Bruckner, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Catalano, R;Bruckner, T
据报道，人口压力因素降低了人类第二性比（即，新生儿是男性的几率），除其他机制外，诱导男性自然流产，如果母亲没有受到压力，这些男性本可以活产。关于这些流产是否是由于在相对恒定的生存能力分布的低端（即，“剔除组群”解释）或来自存活率的整个分布的变化使得更多的雄性低于母体对低存活率的耐受性的相对恒定的标准（即，“被破坏的群体”的解释）。这些替代方案对第二性比与男性出生队列寿命之间的关系做出了相反的预测。我们检验了一个假设，即1751年至1912年出生的瑞典队列中的第二性比预测了男性队列出生时的预期寿命（即，实现寿命）。我们的研究结果支持剔除队列的论点。我们认为，这些研究结果与第二性比的时间变化有关的基本文献，更多的应用工作与成人健康的胎儿起源有关，并为公共健康监测的影响。
Population stressors reportedly reduce the human secondary sex ratio (i.e., the odds of a newborn's being male) by, among other mechanisms, inducing the spontaneous abortion of males who would have been born live had mothers not been stressed. Controversy remains as to whether these abortions result from reduced maternal tolerance of males at the low end of a relatively constant distribution of survivability (i.e., the "culled cohort" explanation) or from shifts in the whole distribution of survivability such that more males fall below a relatively constant criterion of maternal tolerance for low survivability (i.e., the "damaged cohort" explanation). These alternatives make opposing predictions regarding the relationship between the secondary sex ratio and lifespan of male birth cohorts. We test the hypothesis that the secondary sex ratio among Swedish cohorts born in the years 1751 through 1912 predicts male cohort life expectancy at birth (i.e., realized lifespan). Our results support the culled cohort argument. We argue that these findings have implications for the basic literature concerned with temporal variation in the secondary sex ratio, for more applied work concerned with the fetal origins of adult health, and for pubic health surveillance.