Monitoring the athlete training response: subjective self-reported measures trump commonly used objective measures: a systematic review.
Monitoring the athlete training response: subjective self-reported measures trump commonly used objective measures: a systematic review.
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DOI：
10.1136/bjsports-2015-094758
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发表时间：
2016-03
影响因子：
18.4
通讯作者：
Gastin PB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Saw AE;Main LC;Gastin PB
监测运动员的健康状况对于指导训练和检测任何负面健康结果和相关不良表现的进展至关重要。客观（表现、生理、生化）和主观测量都是运动员监测的选择。我们系统地审查了运动员健康的客观和主观衡量标准。将客观测量值（包括休息时的测量值（例如，血液标记物、心率）和运动期间的测量值（例如，耗氧量、心率反应））与主观测量值（例如，情绪、感知压力）进行比较。还评估了所有措施对急性和慢性训练负荷的反应。 2014 年 5 月对学术检索完成、MEDLINE、PsycINFO、SPORTDiscus 和 PubMed 数据库进行了检索。56 项原始研究报告了运动员健康状况的同时主观和客观测量。对每项研究结果的质量和强度进行了评估，以确定证据的总体水平。运动员健康状况的主观和客观测量通常不相关。主观测量反映了急性和慢性训练负荷，比客观测量具有更高的敏感性和一致性。训练负荷的急剧增加和长期训练通常会损害主观幸福感，而训练负荷的急剧减少会改善主观幸福感。本次审查为从业者使用主观措施来监测运动员健康状况因训练而发生的变化提供了进一步的支持。主观测量可以单独使用，也可以纳入运动员监测的混合方法中，正如许多运动环境中的当前做法。
Monitoring athlete well-being is essential to guide training and to detect any progression towards negative health outcomes and associated poor performance. Objective (performance, physiological, biochemical) and subjective measures are all options for athlete monitoring. We systematically reviewed objective and subjective measures of athlete well-being. Objective measures, including those taken at rest (eg, blood markers, heart rate) and during exercise (eg, oxygen consumption, heart rate response), were compared against subjective measures (eg, mood, perceived stress). All measures were also evaluated for their response to acute and chronic training load. The databases Academic search complete, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus and PubMed were searched in May 2014. Fifty-six original studies reported concurrent subjective and objective measures of athlete well-being. The quality and strength of findings of each study were evaluated to determine overall levels of evidence. Subjective and objective measures of athlete well-being generally did not correlate. Subjective measures reflected acute and chronic training loads with superior sensitivity and consistency than objective measures. Subjective well-being was typically impaired with an acute increase in training load, and also with chronic training, while an acute decrease in training load improved subjective well-being. This review provides further support for practitioners to use subjective measures to monitor changes in athlete well-being in response to training. Subjective measures may stand alone, or be incorporated into a mixed methods approach to athlete monitoring, as is current practice in many sport settings.