Jumping spiders (Salticidae) enhance the seed production of a plant with extrafloral nectaries
Jumping spiders (Salticidae) enhance the seed production of a plant with extrafloral nectaries
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s004420050780
复制
发表时间：
1999-05
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Scott Ruhren;S. Handel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scott Ruhren;S. Handel
许多植物从花外蜜腺（EFN）分泌花蜜，EFN是一种特殊的结构，通常吸引蚂蚁，蚂蚁可以充当植物防御者。在美国新泽西的老农田中，研究了蜜汁介导的夜光决明（Chamaecrista nictitans，云实科）与跳蛛（Chimaecrista nictitans，蜘蛛目，跳蛛科）之间的相互作用。以前的研究表明，蜘蛛是完全食肉的，但跳蜘蛛（Erissp。和Metaphidippussp.）onC.除了以食草动物、蚂蚁、蜜蜂和其他蜘蛛为食外，它们还收集花蜜。在受控环境实验中，当在C.无论是否有活跃的EFN，觅食蜘蛛都将86%的时间花在有花蜜的植物上。有跳蛛居住的植物比没有跳蛛的植物结出了更多的种子，这表明这些捕食者的有益影响。然而，跳蛛的存在并没有减少一种专门捕食C. cruentatus（豆象科）的种子捕食者的数量。眨眼的人跳蛛可以为拥有EFN的植物提供额外的、意想不到的防御。因此，EFN的植物可能与其他节肢动物捕食者除了花蜜收集蚂蚁有有益的相互作用。
Many plants secrete nectar from extrafloral nectaries (EFNs), specialized structures that usually attract ants which can act as plant defenders. We examined the nectar-mediated interactions betweenChamaecrista nictitans(Caesalpineaceae) and jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) for 2 years in old fields in New Jersey, USA. Previous research suggests that spiders are entirely carnivorous, yet jumping spiders (Erissp. andMetaphidippussp.) onC. nictitanscollected nectar in addition to feeding on herbivores, ants, bees, and other spiders. In a controlled-environment experiment, when given a choice betweenC. nictitanswith or without active EFNs, foraging spiders spent 86% of their time on plants with nectar.C. nictitanswith resident jumping spiders did set significantly more seed than plants with no spiders, indicating a beneficial effect from these predators. However, the presence of jumping spiders did not decrease numbers ofSennius cruentatus(Bruchidae), a specialist seed predator ofC. nictitans. Jumping spiders may provide additional, unexpected defense to plants possessing EFNs. Plants with EFNs may therefore have beneficial interactions with other arthropod predators in addition to nectar-collecting ants.