Transversely trapping surfaces: Dynamical version
Transversely trapping surfaces: Dynamical version
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DOI：
10.1093/ptep/ptz161
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发表时间：
2019-09
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
H. Yoshino;K. Izumi;T. Shiromizu;Yoshimune Tomikawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Yoshino;K. Izumi;T. Shiromizu;Yoshimune Tomikawa
我们提出了新的概念，一个动态的横向捕获表面（DTTS）和一个轻微的DTTS，作为强重力区的指标。DTTS被定义为类空超曲面上的二维闭曲面，使得从其上任意点沿横向方向发射的光子在时间上加速收缩，并且在球对称情况下，边缘DTTS被还原为光子球。（边缘）DTTS在许多方面与（边缘）捕获表面有密切的相似之处。在准备了求解时间对称初始数据和瞬时稳态轴对称初始数据中的边缘DTTS的方法之后，数值构造了Brill-Lindquist初始数据和Majumdar-Papapetrou时空中两个黑洞系统的边缘DTTS的一些例子.在一定的假设条件下，证明了DTTS的面积满足Penrose-like不等式A_0\le4\pi（3GM）^2$.讨论了DTTS与我们以前提出的其他两个概念的区别和联系，即松散捕获表面[Prog. Theor. Exp. 2017，033 E01（2017）]和静态/静止横向捕获表面[Prog. Theor. Exp. 2017，063E01（2017）]。一个（勉强）DTTS为我们提供了一个理论工具，以显着推进我们的理解强引力场。此外，由于DTTS位于事件视界之外，它们可能与未来观测到的强重力区的动力学演化有关。
We propose new concepts, a dynamically transversely trapping surface (DTTS) and a marginally DTTS, as indicators for a strong gravity region. A DTTS is defined as a two-dimensional closed surface on a spacelike hypersurface such that photons emitted from arbitrary points on it in transverse directions are acceleratedly contracted in time, and a marginally DTTS is reduced to the photon sphere in spherically symmetric cases. (Marginally) DTTSs have a close analogy with (marginally) trapped surfaces in many aspects. After preparing the method of solving for a marginally DTTS in the time-symmetric initial data and the momentarily stationary axisymmetric initial data, some examples of marginally DTTSs are numerically constructed for systems of two black holes in the Brill–Lindquist initial data and in the Majumdar–Papapetrou spacetimes. Furthermore, the area of a DTTS is proved to satisfy the Penrose-like inequality $A_0\le 4\pi (3GM)^2$, under some assumptions. Differences and connections between a DTTS and the other two concepts proposed by us previously, a loosely trapped surface [Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2017, 033E01 (2017)] and a static/stationary transversely trapping surface [Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys. 2017, 063E01 (2017)], are also discussed. A (marginally) DTTS provides us with a theoretical tool to significantly advance our understanding of strong gravity fields. Also, since DTTSs are located outside the event horizon, they could possibly be related with future observations of strong gravity regions in dynamical evolutions.