Diet during early life defines testicular lipid content and sperm quality in adulthood
Diet during early life defines testicular lipid content and sperm quality in adulthood
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpendo.00235.2020
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Alves，Marco G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crisostomo，Luis;Videira，Romeu A.;Alves，Marco G.
儿童肥胖是一个严重的问题，与以后的健康状况不佳有关。新的数据表明，肥胖对男性性健康和生殖健康有长期的不良影响，但很少有研究涉及这个问题。我们假设，在生命早期暴露于高脂肪饮食会改变睾丸脂质含量和代谢，导致精子参数永久性损伤。36只雄性小鼠在断奶后（出生后21天）随机分为3组，分别给予标准饲料（CTRL）、高脂饲料（HFD）（碳水化合物：35.7%、蛋白质：20.5%、脂肪：36.0%）和高脂饲料（HFDt），喂养200天，然后用标准饲料（HFDt）代替。监测生物统计学和代谢数据。然后对动物实施安乐死，并收集组织。评价附睾精子参数和内分泌参数。提取睾丸代谢产物，并通过1H-NMR和GC-MS进行表征。评价睾丸线粒体和抗氧化活性。我们的研究结果表明，高脂肪饮食喂养的小鼠，即使只到成年早期，精子活力和活力较低，头部和尾部缺陷的发生率较高。尽管成年期饮食逆转伴体重减轻可预防代谢综合征的进展，但睾丸脂肪酸含量受到不可逆的影响。过量的脂肪摄入促进了促炎性n-6多不饱和脂肪酸在睾丸中的过度积累，这与精子质量的负面影响密切相关。因此，在生命早期采用高脂肪饮食与睾丸脂质含量和代谢的不可逆变化相关，这与生命后期精子质量的永久性损害有关。
Childhood obesity is a serious concern associated with ill health later in life. Emerging data suggest that obesity has long-term adverse effects upon male sexual and reproductive health, but few studies have addressed this issue. We hypothesized that exposure to high-fat diet during early life alters testicular lipid content and metabolism, leading to permanent damage to sperm parameters. After weaning (day 21after birth), 36 male mice were randomly divided into three groups and fed with a different diet regimen for 200 days: a standard chow diet (CTRL), a high-fat diet (HFD) (carbohydrate: 35.7%, protein: 20.5%, and fat: 36.0%), and a high-fat diet for 60 days, then replaced by standard chow (HFDt). Biometric and metabolic data were monitored. Animals were then euthanized, and tissues were collected. Epididymal sperm parameters and endocrine parameters were evaluated. Testicular metabolites were extracted and characterized by 1H-NMR and GC-MS. Testicular mitochondrial and antioxidant activity were evaluated. Our results show that mice fed with a high-fat diet, even if only until early adulthood, had lower sperm viability and motility, and higher incidence of head and tail defects. Although diet reversion with weight loss during adulthood prevents the progression of metabolic syndrome, testicular content in fatty acids is irreversibly affected. Excessive fat intake promoted an overaccumulation of proinflammatory n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the testis, which is strongly correlated with negative effects upon sperm quality. Therefore, the adoption of high-fat diets during early life correlates with irreversible changes in testicular lipid content and metabolism, which are related to permanent damage to sperm quality later in life.