Understanding unfamiliar words in young, young-old, and old-old adults: inferential processing and the abstraction-deficit hypothesis.
Understanding unfamiliar words in young, young-old, and old-old adults: inferential processing and the abstraction-deficit hypothesis.
复制标题
理解年轻人、年轻老年人和老年老年人不熟悉的单词：推理处理和抽象缺陷假设。
DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.18.3.497
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发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zelinski,ElizabethM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McGinnis,Debra;Zelinski,ElizabethM
先前的研究表明，老年人对不熟悉单词的解释不如年轻人准确（D. McGinnis & EM Zelinski，2000）。 31 名年龄在 18-37 岁之间、27 名年龄在 65-74 岁之间和 28 名年龄在 75-87 岁之间的成年人阅读了包含生词的段落（每段 1 个），并被要求在阅读过程中大声思考。阅读完每一篇文章后，参与者选择与意义相关的线索，并对 4 个定义选项的质量进行评分。与两个较年轻的小组相比，最年长的小组对主题和不相关的定义的评价明显更高，并且他们的出声思考方案包括更普遍的推论。与线索选择相关的结果并不显着。综上所述，这些结果表明，意义推导中的年龄差异可能与过度概括的推理处理有关，为抽象缺陷假设提供了支持。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Previous research suggests that older adults derive interpretations of unfamiliar words that are less precise than those of young adults (D. McGinnis & EM Zelinski, 2000). Thirty-one adults aged 18-37, 27 aged 65-74, and 28 aged 75-87 read passages containing unfamiliar words (1 per passage) and were asked to think aloud during reading. After reading each passage, participants selected meaning-relevant cues and rated the quality of 4 definition options. Compared with the 2 younger groups, the oldest group rated thematic and irrelevant definitions significantly higher, and their think-aloud protocols included more generalized inferences. Results pertaining to cue selection were not significant. Taken together, these results suggest that age differences in meaning derivation may be related to inferential processing that is overgeneralized, providing support for the abstraction-deficit hypothesis.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)