Extent of Measles Virus Spread and Immune Suppression Differentiates between Wild-Type and Vaccine Strains in the Cotton Rat Model (Sigmodon hispidus)
Extent of Measles Virus Spread and Immune Suppression Differentiates between Wild-Type and Vaccine Strains in the Cotton Rat Model (Sigmodon hispidus)
复制标题
棉花大鼠模型（Sigmodon hispidus）中麻疹病毒传播的程度和免疫抑制区分野生型和疫苗株
DOI：
10.1128/jvi.77.1.150-158.2003
复制
发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
S. Niewiesk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joanna Pfeuffer;K. Püschel;V. Meulen;J. Schneider;S. Niewiesk
ABSTRACT Infection of humans with wild-type measles virus leads to strong immune suppression and secondary infections, whereas immunization with an attenuated vaccine strain does not. Using the cotton rat model (Sigmodon hispidus), we investigated whether vaccine and wild-type viruses differ in viral spread and whether this is correlated with inhibition of of proliferation of spleen cells ex vivo after mitogen stimulation. After intranasal infection of cotton rats with wild-type and vaccine strains, it was found that wild-type virus replicates better in lung tissue, spreads to the mediastinal lymph nodes, and induces a more pronounced and longer-lasting inhibition of proliferation of spleen cells ex vivo after mitogen stimulation than does vaccine virus. To induce the same degree of proliferation inhibition, 1,000-fold less wild-type virus was required than vaccine virus. With this system, the virulence of various measles virus isolates and recombinant viruses was tested. Four (in humans and/or monkeys) highly pathogenic virus strains were immunosuppressive, whereas viruses of vaccine virus genotype A were not. Using virus pairs which, due to passage on fibroblasts versus lymphoid cells or due to a point mutation in the hemagglutinin (N481 → Y), differed in their usage of the two receptor molecules CD46 and CD150 on human cells, it was found that viruses using exclusively CD150 in vitro spread to mediastinal lymph nodes and induced strong immune suppression. These data demonstrate that important parameters of virulence seen in humans, such as viral spread and immune suppression, are reflected in the cotton rat model.
DOI：
10.1046/j.1525-1373.1999.d01-54.x
发表时间：
1999-05
期刊：
Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine. Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
P. Wyde;D. Moore-Poveda;N. J. Daley;H. Oshitani
通讯作者：
P. Wyde;D. Moore-Poveda;N. J. Daley;H. Oshitani